Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Early Changes in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient for Salivary Glands during Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Associated with Xerostomia

  • Zhang, Qing (Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Wei, Yu-Mei (Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University) ;
  • Qi, Yuan-Gang (Department of Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Li, Bao-Sheng (Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2016.11.02
  • Accepted : 2017.08.02
  • Published : 2018.04.01
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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the early changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the salivary glands during radiotherapy (RT) and their association with the degree of xerostomia at 6 months after RT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 26 patients with NPC who underwent RT. Each patient underwent diffusion-weighted MRI of the salivary glands at rest and with gustatory stimulation within 1 week before RT and 2 weeks after the beginning of RT. The ADC at rest ($ADC_R$) and increase and increase rate with stimulation ($ADC_I$, $ADC_{IR}$) of the submandibular and parotid glands were calculated. The differences in the variables' values between 2 weeks after the beginning of RT and baseline (${\Delta}ADC_R$, ${\Delta}ADC_I$, and ${\Delta}ADC_{IR}$) were compared to the degree of xerostomia at 6 months after RT. Results: The $ADC_R$ of the submandibular and parotid glands were both significantly higher at 2 weeks after the beginning of RT than found at baseline (both p < 0.01). The $ADC_I$ and $ADC_{IR}$ for the parotid glands were both significantly lower at 2 weeks after the beginning of RT than found at baseline (both p < 0.01). ${\Delta}ADC_I$ and ${\Delta}ADC_{IR}$ of the parotid glands were associated with the degree of xerostomia at 6 months after RT (r = -0.61 and -0.72, both p < 0.01). Conclusion: The ADCs of the salivary glands change early during RT. The differences in the ADC increase and increase rate of the parotid glands between 2 weeks after the beginning of RT and baseline were associated with the degree of xerostomia at 6 months after RT.

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