Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

Korean Society of Echocardiography (한국심초음파학회)
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Impact of a Geometric Correction for Proximal Flow Constraint on the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation Severity Using the Proximal Flow Convergence Method

  • Jang, Jeong Yoon (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Kang, Joon-Won (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Dong Hyun (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sahmin (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Sun, Byung Joo (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Hee (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Jong-Min (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Duk-Hyun (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Jae-Kwan (Cardiac Imaging Center, Asan Medical Center Heart Institute, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.01.16
  • Accepted : 2018.02.26
  • Published : 2018.03.27
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Abstract

Background: Overestimation of the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR) by the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method has been reported. We sought to test whether angle correction (AC) of the constrained flow field is helpful to eliminate overestimation in patients with eccentric MR. Methods: In a total of 33 patients with MR due to prolapse or flail mitral valve, both echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance image (CMR) were performed to calculate regurgitant volume (RV). In addition to RV by conventional PISA ($RV_{PISA}$), convergence angle (${\alpha}$) was measured from 2-dimensional Doppler color flow maps and RV was corrected by multiplying by ${\alpha}/180$ ($RV_{AC}$). RV measured by CMR ($RV_{CMR}$) was used as a gold standard, which was calculated by the difference between total stroke volume measured by planimetry of the short axis slices and aortic stroke volume by phase-contrast image. Results: The correlation between $RV_{CMR}$ and RV by echocardiography was modest [$RV_{CMR}$ vs. $RV_{PISA}$ (r = 0.712, p < 0.001) and $RV_{CMR}$ vs. $RV_{AC}$ (r = 0.766, p < 0.001)]. However, $RV_{PISA}$ showed significant overestimation ($RV_{PISA}-RV_{CMR}=50.6{\pm}40.6mL$ vs. $RV_{AC}-RV_{CMR}=7.7{\pm}23.4mL$, p < 0.001). The overall accuracy of $RV_{PISA}$ for diagnosis of severe MR, defined as $RV{\geq}60mL$, was 57.6% (19/33), whereas it increased to 84.8% (28/33) by using $RV_{AC}$ (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Conventional PISA method tends to provide falsely large RV in patients with eccentric MR and a simple geometric AC of the proximal constraint flow largely eliminates overestimation.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Korean Society of Echocardiography

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