KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Germination and Proteome Profile Characteristics of Wheat Seeds Treated under Different Concentrations of Abscisic Acid

Abscisic acid 농도에 따른 밀 종자의 발아와 단백질체의 발현 특성

  • Jeong, Jae-Hyeok (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Wook (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hwang, Woon-Ha (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • An, Sung-Hyun (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jeong, Han-Yong (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hyeon-Seok (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, In-Bea (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Jin (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yun, Jong-Tak (Crop Production and Physiology Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yun, Song Joong (Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University)
  • 정재혁 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 김대욱 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 황운하 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 안승현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 정한용 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 이현석 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 최인배 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 최경진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 윤종탁 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 윤성중 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 작물생명과학과)
  • Received : 2017.09.06
  • Accepted : 2017.12.23
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the germination and proteome profile characteristics of wheat seeds treated under various concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA). After-ripening, the seeds of three wheat cultivars (Baegjoong, Keumkang, and Uri) showing different levels of dormancy were used. Germination index and germination rate of the cultivars was higher than 0.95% and 98%, respectively, and these were not significantly different under 0, 10, 30, and $50{\mu}M$ ABA at 7 d after germination. However, the growth of the shoot and radicle was significantly inhibited at 10, 30, and $50{\mu}M$ ABA compared to that at $0{\mu}M$ ABA. Mean ABA content of the embryos of seeds germinated at 0 and $50{\mu}M$ ABA for 7 d was 0.8 and $269.0ngmg^{-1}DW$, respectively. Proteins extracted from embryos germinated for 4 d were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and proteins showing a difference of 1.5-fold or greater in their spot volume relative to that of $0{\mu}M$ ABA were identified. The expression of four protein spots increased at $50{\mu}M$ ABA and two protein spots were detected only at $50{\mu}M$ ABA; these six proteins were all identified as globulin types. Conversely, the expression of three protein spots decreased at $50{\mu}M$ ABA and were identified as cytosolic glutamine sysnthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2. In conclusion, ABA did not inhibit the germination rate regardless of pre-harvest sprouting characteristics of the cultivars. However, the growth of the shoot and radicle was significantly inhibited by ABA, most likely through the down regulation of glutamine, methyl group donor, and polyamines biosynthesis, among others, while accompanied by globulin accumulation in the embryos.

휴면성이 다른 백중밀, 금강밀, 우리밀 후숙종자의 ABA 농도에 따른 발아 및 배아에서의 단백질체 발현 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 백중밀, 금강밀, 우리밀 등 3품종의 0, 10, 30 및 $50{\mu}M$ ABA에서의 평균 발아지수와 발아율은 각각 0.95와 98% 이상으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 유아와 유근의 생장은 $0{\mu}M$ ABA보다 10, 30 및 $50{\mu}M$ ABA에서 생장이 크게 억제되었는데, ABA 농도가 높을수록 생장이 더 억제되었다. 2. 3품종 배아의 평균 ABA 함량은 $0{\mu}M$ ABA와 $50{\mu}M$ ABA에서 각각 0.78 ng/mg과 269.04 ng/mg으로서 농도에 따른 ABA 함량의 차이가 컸다. 3. $0{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구에 비하여 $50{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구에서 발현양이 증가한 단백질 spot (S1, S3, S4, S6, S15, S16, S17)은 7개였으며, 감소한 단백질 spot (S2, S5, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S18)은 8개였고, 증가와 감소가 동시에 이루어진 단백질 spot (S2)은 1개였다. $50{\mu}M$ ABA에서만 검출된 단백질 spot (S7, S8)은 2개였다. 4. 각 단백질 spot의 $0{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구 양에 대한 $50{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구 양의 평균 배수 값(fold 값)이 1.5배 이상으로 증가한 단백질 spot은 S1 (globulin-3A), S6 (globulin-1 S allele), S16 (globulin-1 S allele), S17 (globulin-1 S allele) 등으로 모두 globulin류 단백질이었다. 또한 $50{\mu}M$ ABA에서만 확인된 단백질 spot인 S7 (globulin 3)과 S8 (globulin-1 S allele)도 globulin 단백질이었다. 5. 각 단백질 spot의 $0{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구 양에 대한 $50{\mu}M$ ABA 처리구 양의 평균 배수 값(fold 값)이 0.7 이하로 감소한 단백질 spot은 S10 (glutamine sysnthetase cytosolic isozyme), S12 (S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2), S14 (isocitrate dehydrogenase NADP)이었다. 이상의 결과는 ABA에 의한 밀 유묘의 유아와 유근의 생장억제는 배아에서의 ABA 농도 증가, 그리고 이에 따른 배아의 glutamine 합성에 관여하는 다양한 효소의 발현 감소 및 메틸기공여물질의 감소와 이에 따른 메틸기 전이활성의 감소 등이 관여하고 있음을 의미한다. 한편 배아에서의 ABA에 의한 globulin 단백질의 증가는 배아 특이적 globulin의 일시적 합성 증가와 globulin 분해 효소의 활성 억제 등이 복합적으로 관여한 결과로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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