DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Application of Potential Exposed Population for a Receptor-oriented Health Impact Assessment

수용체 지향의 건강영향평가를 위한 잠재노출 인구수의 산정·활용 가능성 연구

  • Received : 2018.02.21
  • Accepted : 2018.03.24
  • Published : 2018.04.30

Abstract

Health impact assessment in South Korea is carried out within the framework of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). And, public health and hygiene items in EIA as an evaluation of health impact items were designed to calculate the emission level of hazardous air pollutants from specific development projects, and the exposure concentration at major sites, and to assess the health risk associated with these projects. But, the assessment of the receptor characteristics around the development project is limitedly considered. The purpose of this study is to propose the method of calculation of potential exposed population and the use of it for public health and hygiene items in EIA. The data for the calculation of potential exposed population in South Korea were identified. And the calculation algorithm based on them was proposed. After that, in a development of industrial complex, a case analysis was carried out assuming the release of hazardous air pollutants. This study suggested that the concept of population risk should be applied in risk assessment utilizing the potential exposed population and as a future study, a standard of assessment of health effects for population risk should be established. Finally, the possibility of using this study as a location-limiting tool for the development project was presented through the method of calculating the potential exposed population. It is meaningful that this study presented a method for performing risk assessment from the perspective of receptors around a development project.

국내 법적인 건강영향평가로서 환경영향평가 내 위생 공중보건 항목의 평가는 특정 개발 사업에서 배출되는 유해대기오염물질 배출량 및 주변 주요 지점의 노출농도 산정, 이를 활용한 위해성 평가로 진행되고 있다. 하지만 개발 사업부지 주변의 노출 가능한 인구집단 규모를 고려하지 못하는 등 개발 사업부지 주변의 수용체 특성은 해당 위해성 평가에서 제대로 반영되지 못하고 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 개발 사업부지 주변의 노출 가능한 인구수를 산정 반영한 위해성 평가를 위해 잠재노출 인구수의 산정 및 이를 실제 위생 공중보건 항목 작성 시 활용하는 방안을 제안하는 것이다. 개발 사업부지 주변의 인구수 산정 관련한 국내 자료 현황을 파악하고 이를 고려한 잠재노출 인구수 산정 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 나아가 산업단지 개발 시 유해대기오염물질 배출을 가정한 사례 분석을 수행하였다. 잠재노출 인구수를 활용한 위해성 평가는 인구집단 위해도 개념이 적용되어야 함을 제시하였으며, 향후 연구로 평가결과에 대한 건강영향 여부의 판단기준 설정이 요구됨을 제안하였다. 또한 본 논문의 잠재노출 인구수 산정방법을 통해 개발사업의 입지제한 도구로의 활용가능성을 제안하였다. 이번 논문은 위생 공중보건 항목 작성 시 개발 사업부지 주변의 수용체 특성을 반영한 위해성 평가를 수행하는 방안을 제시했다는 것에 의미가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Adler MD. 2005. Against 'Individual Risk': A Sympathetic Critique of Risk Assessment. University of Pennsylvania Law Review153: 1121-1250. https://doi.org/10.2307/4150613
  2. Chung MK. 2001. Environmental Risk Assessment. DongHwa Technology Publishing. [Korean Literature]
  3. Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. Guidelines for Exposure Assessment.
  4. Environmental Protection Agency. 2004. AERMOD: Description of Model Formulation.
  5. Korea Environment Institute. 2016. Development of Risk Table for Risk Communication in Health Impact Assessment. [Korean Literature]
  6. Ministry of Construction and Transportation. 2007. A Study on the National GIS Support for 2006(A study on the definition and management of GIS-based small area statistical compilation area). [Korean Literature]
  7. Ministry of Environment. 1997. Environmental Risk Assessment and Management Technology - Risk Assessment and Management Technology for Air Pollutants. [Korean Literature]
  8. Ministry of Environment. 2008. A Study on the Establishment of Risk Standards. [Korean Literature]
  9. Ministry of Environment. 2009. Environmental impact forecasting model user guide. [Korean Literature]
  10. Ministry of Environment. 2011. Manual for Assessment of Health Impact Items. [Korean Literature]
  11. Ministry of Environment. 2015. Regulations on Environmental Impact Assessment. [Korean Literature]
  12. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. 2016. Cadastral Statistics Year Book. [Korean Literature]
  13. National Institute of Chemical Safety. 2014. The Reporting Manual for Off-Site Risk Assessment. [Korean Literature]
  14. National Institute of Environmental Research. 2017. Comprehensive Evaluation on the Result of four years (2012-2015) Monitoring of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Effects among Residents Living near Industrial Complex. [Korean Literature]
  15. National Research Council. 1983. Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process.
  16. Statistics Korea. 2014. Motion and Time Study. [Korean Literature]
  17. Statistics Korea. 2015. Population and Housing Census. [Korean Literature]
  18. World Health Organization. 2001. Water Quality: Guidelines, Standards and Health. Ch10. Acceptable risk.

Cited by

  1. 건강영향을 고려한 산업단지 개발의 계획 적정성 평가방법론 연구 vol.29, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.14249/eia.2020.29.2.93