Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Association of Physical and Mental Function with Quality of Life among the Elderly at Care Facilities

요양시설 노인의 신체적 및 정신적 기능과 삶의 질과의 관련성

  • Lim, Young-A (Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Taek-Soo (Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Young-Chae (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 임영아 (충남대학교 대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 신택수 (충남대학교 대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 조영채 (충남대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2018.01.09
  • Accepted : 2018.04.06
  • Published : 2018.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between physical function (ADL, IADL) and mental function (depression, cognitive dysfunction) and quality of life in the elderly. The subjects of this study were 524 elderly people aged 65 or older who were admitted to 15 care facilities located in D metropolitan city. Data were collected through a personal interview conducted by interviewers that visited each care facility from November 2015 to January 2016. T-tests and ANOVA were used to compare the quality of life score for each independent variable, while multiple regression was used to determine the explanatory power of independent variables that affected quality of life. Quality of life was significantly lower among those of older age, lower educational level, living alone, with lower relationships with children, lower subjective health status, disability, lower ability for mastication, without regular eating habits, without regular exercise, and without regular health checkups. In addition, quality of life was significantly lower in the ADL and IADL, as well as among those with a higher depression level and lower cognitive impairment scores than their respective counterparts. The results of this study suggest that the quality of life among elderly that have been admitted to care facilities is significantly related to physical and mental functions as well as demographic characteristics, health status and health related behavioral characteristics.

본 연구는 요양시설 노인의 신체적 기능(ADL, IADL) 및 정신적 기능(우울, 인지기능장애) 수준과 삶의 질과의 관련성을 규명하고자 시도하였다. 조사대상은 D광역시에 소재하고 있는 15개 요양시설에 입소하고 있는 65세 이상 노인 524명으로 하였으며, 자료 수집은 2015년 11월부터 2016년 1월까지의 기간 동안에 조사원이 조사대상 요양시설을 직접 방문하여 면접 조사하였다. 자료의 분석은 각 독립변수에 대한 삶의 질을 종속변수로 하여 평균점수를 비교하기 위해 t-test 및 ANOVA로 검정하였다. 또한, 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 관련 독립변수들의 설명력을 파악하기 위하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상자의 삶의 질은 연령이 높을수록, 학력이 낮을수록, 가족과 함께 산다는 군보다 혼자 산다는 군, 자녀와의 관계가 좋다는 군보다 좋지 않다는 군, 주관적인 건강상태가 건강하다는 군보다 건강하지 않다는 군, 신체의 부자유가 없다는 군보다 있다는 군, 치아상태가 좋다는 군보다 좋지 않다는 군, 아침식사를 한다는 군보다 하지 않는다는 군, 규칙적인 운동을 한다는 군보다 하지 않는다는 군, 정기적인 건강검진을 한다는 군보다 하지 않는다는 군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 또한, 일상생활수행능력(ADL)과 도구적 일상생활수행능력(IADL)이 낮을수록, 우울수준이 높을수록, 인지기능장애점수가 낮을수록 삶의 질 수준이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 연구결과는 요양시설 노인의 삶의 질은 인구사회학적특성, 건강상태 및 건강관련행위특성뿐만 아니라 신체적 기능 및 정신적 기능과도 유의한 관련성이 있음을 시사하고 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. National Statistical Office. Statistics of Residence Registration Population in 2014, 2015.
  2. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Health behaviors and chronic disease statistics. Chronic Disease Investigation Team, Disease Control Division; 2006.
  3. Lee KJ, Park HS. A study on the perceived health status, depression, and activities of daily living for the elderly in urban areas. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 12(3), pp. 221-230, 2006.
  4. Bae NK, Song YS, Shin ES, CHO YC. Status of Physical and Mental Function and, Its Related Factors Among the Elderly People Using from Long-Term Care Insurance Service. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 13(12), pp. 5976-5985, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2012.13.12.5976
  5. Beswick AD, Rees K, Dieppe P, Ayis S, Gooberman-Hill R, Horwood J, Ebrahim S. Complex interventions to improve physical function and maintain in dependent living in elderly people : A Systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 371(9614), pp. 725-735, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60342-6
  6. Lim YA, Cho YC. Covariance structure analysis of the influence of social support, physical and mental health status on quality of life among the elderly at care facilities. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 18(8):210-220, 2017. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.8.210
  7. Baik OM. Factors associated with functional health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults-Applying andersen's revised model. Journal of the Korea Association of community welfare, 38: 1-27, 2011.
  8. Kim HS. Park JY, Kwon IS, Cho YC. Quality of life and its association with physical and mental function in the elderly people affiliated with long-term care insurance services. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 11(10), pp. 3808-3819, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2010.11.10.3808
  9. Brenda LP, John WW, James RB, Tracey H, Sophiya B. Systematic review: factors associated with risk for and possible prevention of cognitive decline in later life. Ann Intern Med, 153(3), pp. 182-193, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00258
  10. Shin ES, Cho YC. Cognitive Function and Its Related Factors Among the Elderly People Affiliated with Long-term Care Insurance Services in Rural Areas. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 12(10):4493-4501, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.10.4493
  11. Magilvy JK. Quality of life hearing impaired older women. Nurs Res, 34(3), pp. 140-144, 1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198505000-00003
  12. Kang LG. The effects of related factors on quality of life for the elderly. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 26(5), pp. 129-142, 2008.
  13. Yang SO, Cho HR, Lee SH. A Comparative Study on Influencing Factors of Health Related Quality of Life of the Elderly in Senior Center by Region : Focus on Urban and Rural Areas. Journal of the Korea Digital Convergence, 12(1), pp. 501-510, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2014.12.1.501
  14. Kim JI. Prediction of Quality of Life among the Elderly at Care Facilities for the Elderly according to Health States, Physical and Cognitive Functions, and Social Supports-Focused on D Metropolitan City. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 16(7), pp. 4656-4667, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.7.4656
  15. Kim YJ. Neighbourhood environmental factors enhancing the quality of life among urban elderly population : focused on the independent living ability and the social support. Graduated School of Seoul University, Doctor's Thesis, 2012.
  16. Park JH. The influence of social support on senior quality of life : mediated effect of self-efficacy using SEM. Graduated School of Kangwon University, Doctor's Thesis, 2015.
  17. Nam SK, Shim OS. A study on the influence factors on quality of life of elderly with chronic disease. Journal of Welfare for the Aged, 53:239-259, 2011.
  18. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and science. Behav Res Methods, 39(2), pp. 175-191, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
  19. Katz S. Studies of illness in the aged: the Index of ADL: A standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. J Am Med Assoc, 185, pp. 914-919, 1963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016
  20. Pfeiffer E. Multidimensional functional assessment: the OARS methodology. A manual. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University, Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, 1975.
  21. Weissman MM, Locke BZ. Comparison of a self-report symptom rating scale(CES-D) with standardized depression rating scales in psychiatric populations. Am J Epidemiol, 102, pp. 430-431, 1975. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112183
  22. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. Mini-mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res, 12, pp. 189-198, 1975. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
  23. Park JH, Kwon YC. Part I : Development of the test for the elderly=Korean Version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K). Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 28(1), pp. 125-131, 1989.
  24. The WHOQOL Group. Development of the world health organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med, 28, pp. 551-558, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291798006667
  25. Min SK, Lee CI, Kim KI, et al. Development of Korean version of WHO quality of life scale abbreviated version(WHOQOL-BREF). Journal of The Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 39(3), pp. 571-579, 2000.
  26. Shin MW, Lee YO, Cho YC. Analysis of the influence of physical and mental function, and oral health impact profiles on quality of life in the elderly people in long-term care centers using the structural equation model. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 17(4), pp. 500-511, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.4.500
  27. Shin MW, Ahn KS, Cho YC. Factors related to quality of life in the elderly people in long-term care centers. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 18(6), pp. 524-537, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.6.524