DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Krill (Euphausia superba) on Free Fatty Acid and Electrolyte Concentrations in Rats

해양생물 크릴(Euphausia superba)이 흰쥐의 혈청 유리지방산 및 전해질 농도에 미치는 영향

  • Jin, Dong-Hyeok (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Oh, Da-Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Dong-Soo (Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Chung, Hun-Sik (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Seob (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Geun (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Seong, Jong-Hwan (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Han-Soo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2018.02.15
  • Accepted : 2018.03.17
  • Published : 2018.03.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of hematology and serum chemistry values on Sprague-Dawley rats, while used krill (Euphausia superba) meal diet for 5 weeks. Seven-week-old male rats were divided into four groups (n=6) and fed experimental diets containing three different krill meal contents and control group; 10.0% krill meal (G10), 20.0% krill meal (G20), 30.0% krill meal (G30), and control group (GC). Concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum were significantly lower in the G10, G20, G30 than GC group (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences, at the confidence level of 95%, for the creatinine, uric acid, electrolyte (T-Ca) parameters in the sera were observed in G20 group, G30 group. The concentration of electrolyte (Pi) in serum was no significant difference among the groups (p<0.05). The results indicate that a krill meal diet was effectively reduce the NEFA.

본 연구는 식이조성에 동결 건조한 krill (Euphausia superba) meal을 첨가 하였을 때 Sprague Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐의 유리지방산(non-esterified fatty acid, NEFA), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine, uric acid 및 전해질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사를 하였다. 식이조성은 기본식이를 급여한 대조군인 GC군(krill meal 미함유)을 비롯하여 기본식이에 10.0%, 20.0%, 30.0%의 krill meal 급여군을 각각 G10군, G20군, G30군으로 구분하였다. 5주간 실험 사육한 결과, 흰쥐의 NEFA와 BUN 농도는 krill meal 급여군(G10군, G20군, G30군)에서 대조군(GC 군)보다 유의적으로 감소된 결과를 보였고, creatinine과 uric acid 농도는 G10군에서는 GC군과 유의적 차이가 없었으나, G20군과 G30군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 전해질 농도에서 total calcium (T-Ca)은 G20군과 G30군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 인(Pi) 농도는 각 군간에 유의적 차이가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다(p<0.05).

Keywords

References

  1. S. A. Kang, K. H. Jang, K. H. Hong, W. A. Choi, K. H. Jung, I. Y. Lee, “Effects of dietary ${\beta}$-glucan on adiposity and serum lipids levels in obese rats induced by high fat diet,” J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 1052-1057, (2002). https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.6.1052
  2. C. P. Wen, K. Matsushita, J. Coresh, K. Iseki, M. Islam, R. Katz, W. McClellan, C. A. Peralta, H. Y. Wang, D. Zeeuw, B. C. Astor, R. T. Gansevoort, A. S. Levey, A. Levin, “Relative risks of chronic kidney disease for mortality and end-stage renal disease across races are similar,” Kidney Int., Vol. 86, No. 4, pp. 819-827, (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2013.553
  3. M. Gil-Campos, M. C. Ramirez Tortosa, C. M. Aguilera, R. Canete, A. Gil, “Fasting and postprandial adiponectin alterations anticipate NEFA and TNF-${\alpha}$ changes in prepubertal obese children,” Nutr. Metabolism Cardiovascular Diseases, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 62-68, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2009.07.003
  4. P. Manna, M. Sinha, P. C. Sil, “Taurine plays a beneficial role against cadmiuminduced oxidative renal dysfunction,” Amino Acids, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 417-428, (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0094-x
  5. M. A. Kwon, G. S. Kim, J. K. Hong, H. S. Jo, J. K. Kim, M. K. Yang, B. D. Lee, “The effects of 0.45% and 0.9% saline solutions on serum sodium concentrations in chronic renal failure patients,” Korean J. Anesthesiol., Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 462-468, (2003). https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2003.44.4.462
  6. W. C. Lin, H. M. Shih, L. C. Lin, “Preliminary prospective study to assess the effect of early blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio-based hydration therapy on poststroke infection rate and length of stay in acute ischemic stroke,” J. Stroke Cerebrovascular Diseases, Vol. 24, No. 12, pp. 2720-2727, (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.08.002
  7. J. W. Schrock, M. Glasenapp, K. Drogell, “Elevated blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio is associated with poor outcome in patients with ischemic stroke,” Clinical Neurol. Neurosurgery, Vol. 114, No. 7, pp. 881-884, (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.01.031
  8. T. Akimoto, C. Ito, M. Kato, M. Ogura, S. Muto, E. Kusano, “Reduced hydration status characterized by disproportionate elevation of blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine among the patients with cerebral infarction,” Med. Hypotheses, Vol. 77, No. 4, pp. 601-604, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.06.044
  9. A. H. Wu, J. D. Gladden, M. Ahmed, A. Ahmed, G. Filippatos, "Relation of serum uric acid to cardiovascular disease," Int. J. Cardiol., Vol. 213, pp. 4-7, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.110
  10. A. Clarke, “The biochemical composition of krill, Euphausia superba Dana, from Shouth Georgia,” J. Experimental Marine Biol. Ecol., Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 221-236, (1980). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(80)90049-0
  11. H. S. Kim, M. A. Kim, Y. Duan, D. S. Kang, S. H. Jang, J. Y. Ryu, C. S. Lee, W. K. Lee, “Studies on the nutritional components and amino acid compositions of krill (Euphausia superba),” J. Environ. Sci. Int., Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 165-170, (2014). https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.23.2.165
  12. D. S. Kim, J. R. Do, I. S. Park, S. K. Rhee, “Study on the manufacturing of chitosan using krill (Euphausia superba Dana) and quality characteristics,” J. Korean soc. Applied Biological Chem., Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 309-313, (2000).
  13. H. S. Kim, M. A. Kim, Y. Duan, S. H. Jang, D. S. Kang, W. K. Lee, C. S. Lee, J. Y. Ryu, “Fatty acid compositions, mineral and vitamin contents of the antarctic krill (Euphausia superba),” J. Environ. Sci. Int., Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 47-52, (2014). https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.23.1.47
  14. K. O. Kim, H. A. Moon, D. W. Jeon, “The effect of low molecular weight chitosan on the characteristics of kimchi during fermentation,” Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 420-427, (1995).
  15. J. C. Gigliotti, M. P. Davenport, S. K. Beamer, J. C. Tou, J. Jaczynski, “Extraction and characterisation of lipids from antarctic krill (Euphausia superba),” Food Chem., Vol. 125, No. 3, pp. 1028-1036, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.013
  16. S. K. Rhee, D. S. Kim, “The effective utilization techniques of krill resources in antarctic ocean as new protein food,” J. Korean Professional Engineers Association, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 90-98, (1999).
  17. H. S. Kim, M. A. Kim, S. H. Jang, “Influences of Korean haw (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) on lipid concentration in hypercholesterolemia,” J. Environ. Sci. Int., Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 793-800, (2014). https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.5.793
  18. C. M. Aguilera, M. Gil-Campos, R. Canete, A. Gil, “Alterations in plasma and tissue lipids associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome,” Clinic. Sci., Vol. 114, No. 3, pp. 183-189, (2008). https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20070115
  19. S. S. Shankar, H. O. Steinberg, “FFAs: do they play a role in vascular disease in the insulin resistance syndrome?,” Current Diabetes Rep., Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 30-35, (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-005-0064-6
  20. B. H. Kang, H. Y. Son, C. S. Ha, H. S. Lee, “References values of hematology and serum chemistry in Ktc: Sprague-Dawley rats,” Korean J. Lab. Animal Sci., Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 141-145, (1995).
  21. L. Shavit, M. Lifschitz, I. Galperin, “Influence of enteric nutrition on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in very old patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD),” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 228-231, (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2011.03.007
  22. M. C. Odden, A. R. Amadu, E. Smit, L. Lo, C. A. Peralta, “Uric acid levels, kidney function, and cardiovascular mortality in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1988-1994 and 1999-2002,” American J. Kidney Diseases, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 550-557, (2014). https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.04.024
  23. X. Guo, Y. Qin, K. Zheng, M. Gong, J. Wu, W. Shou, X. Cheng, X. Liangyu, E. Xu, X. Li, L. Qiu, “Improved glomerular filtration rate estimation using new equations combined with standardized cystatin C and creatinine in chinese adult chronic kidney disease patients,” Clinic. Biochem., Vol. 47, No. 13, pp. 1220-1226, (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.05.060
  24. M. Volterrani, F. Iellamo, B. Sposato, F. Romeo, "Uric acid lowering therapy in cardiovascular diseases," Int. J. Cardiol., Vol. 213, pp. 20-22, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.088
  25. E. Ritz, M. L. Gross, R. Dikow, "Role of calcium-phosphorous disorders in the progression of renal failure," Kidney Int., Vol. 68, pp. S66-S70, (2005).
  26. S. Nakai, T. Akiba, J. Kazama, K. Yokoyama, M. Fukagawa, Y. Tominaga, K. Iseki, Y. Tsubakihara, “Effects of serum calcium, phosphorous, and intact parathyroid hormone levels on survival in chronic hemodialysis patients in Japan,” Therapeutic Apheresis Dialysis, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 49-54, (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2007.00540.x