Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Effects of Age of Laying Hens on Internal and External Quality of Eggs

산란계 주령이 계란의 품질에 미치는 효과

  • Kim, Dong Jun (Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation) ;
  • Kim, Da Hye (Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kang, Se Joo (Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation) ;
  • Kwon, Ki Mun (Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation) ;
  • Lee, Jae Cheong (Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Woo (Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2018.02.19
  • Accepted : 2018.03.21
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of age of laying hens on egg internal and external qualities. A total of 8,300 eggs were randomly collected from 15 grading & packaging (GP) centers, and 50 eggs per farm during April to May in 2015. Age of laying hens ranged from 18 to 65 weeks of age and they were classified into 5 age groups (18~25, 26~35, 36~45, 46~55, and 56~65 weeks). Egg weight increased, but the Haugh unit decreased as the age of laying hens increased. Yolk color was higher in eggs laid from 25~35 weeks of laying hens compared with that of 18~25-weeks-old chickens. The incidence of dirty eggs was highest (P<0.05) in 18~25 week group and remained constant after 26 weeks. Among eggshell defects, speckled and pimpled eggs increased as the age of laying hens increased. The incidence of calcium deposits and misshapen eggs was highest during 18~25 weeks of age and remained constant after 26 weeks. The percentage of total eggshell cracks increased as the age of laying hens increased. Among eggshell cracks, star- and hair-like cracks were frequently noted. The percentage of meat spot was higher than that of blood spot and their incidence was highest among the 56~65 week group. Age of laying hens significantly increased egg weight, incidence of pimpled or speckled eggs, star- or hair-like cracks, and meat spot. On the other hand, a significant negative interaction between age of laying hens and the Haugh unit was noted. In conclusion, our study revealed that the age of laying hens affected internal and external egg qualities.

본 실험은 산란계의 주령이 계란의 품질에 미치는 효과를 조사하고자 국내 집하장 15개소에서 주령별 원료란 50개를 5주간 채취하여 난중과 계란 내 외부 품질을 평가하였다. 총 8,300개의 계란을 집하장에서 세척 등 등급판정 생산 공정전 무작위로 채취하였다. 산란계의 주령은 20~65주령으로 5단계의 주령으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 주령이 증가할수록 난중은 증가하였으며, 호우유닛은 감소하였다. 난황색은 25~35주령에서 가장 높게 조사되었다. 오염란의 발생비율은 18~25주령에서 가장 높았으며, 26주령 이상에서는 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 계란의 외관평가에서 점란과 사포란의 발생비율은 주령이 증가할수록 증가하였지만, 칼슘스프레싱과 misshapen egg는 18~25주령에 가장 높게 조사되었다. 파각 발생율은 주령과 함께 증가하였으며, 파각의 유형에서는 별과 머리카락 모양이 높은 수준으로 발견되었다. 구멍 모양은 전 구간에 걸쳐 1% 미만으로 조사되었다. 혈반은 전 구간에 낮게 발견되었지만, 56~65주령에서 가장 높았다. 육반은 혈반과 비교하여 높은 수준으로 발생하였으며, 56~65주령에서는 10%이상 발견되었다. 본 연구에서는 청결상태를 나타내는 오염란의 비율이 높은 수준으로 조사되어 세척 공정이 필요할 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 주령이 증가할수록 파각이 많이 발생하고, 육반이 상대적으로 높은 수준으로 조사되었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 계란의 내 외부 품질을 향상 시킬 수 있는 전략과 더불어 육안으로 확인이 불가능한 파각란에 대한 관리 대책이 필요하겠다.

Keywords

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