Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Identification of ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) signaling related genes in Panax ginseng

  • Hong, Jeongeui (Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Hogyum (Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Ryu, Hojin (Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2018.12.10
  • Accepted : 2018.12.10
  • Published : 2018.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) has long been cultivated as an important economic medicinal plant. Owing to the seasonal and long-term agricultural cultivation methods of Korean ginseng, they are always vulnerable to various environmental stress conditions. ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) is an essential plant hormone associated with seed development and diverse abiotic stress responses including drought, cold and salinity stress. By modulating ABA responses, plants can regulate their immune responses and growth patterns to increase their ability to tolerate stress. With recent advances in genome sequencing technology, we first reported the functional features of genes related to canonical ABA signaling pathway in P. ginseng genome. Based on the protein sequences and functional genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana, the ABA related genes were successfully identified. Our functional genomic characterizations clearly showed that the ABA signaling related genes consisting the ABA receptor proteins (PgPYLs), kinase family (PgSnRKs) and transcription factors (PgABFs, PgABI3s and PgABI5s) were evolutionary conserved in the P. ginseng genome. We confirmed that overexpressing ABA related genes of P. ginseng completely restored the ABA responses and stress tolerance in ABA defective Arabidopsis mutants. Finally, tissue and age specific spatio-temporal expression patterns of the identified ABA-related genes in P. ginseng tissues were also classified using various available RNA sequencing data. This study provides ABA signal transduction related genes and their functional genomic information related to the growth and development of Korean ginseng. Additionally, the results of this study could be useful in the breeding or artificial selection of ginseng which is resistant to various stresses.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi HI, Waminal NE, Park HM, Kim NH, Choi BS, Park M, Choi D, Lim YP, Kwon SJ, Park BS (2014) Major repeat components covering one-third of the ginseng (P anax ginseng CA Meyer) genome and evidence for allotetraploidy. The Plant Journal 77:906-916 https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12441
  2. Choi Kt (2008) Botanical characteristics, pharmacological effects and medicinal components of Korean Panax ginseng CA Meyer. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 29:1109-1118 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00869.x
  3. Chung I-M, Lim J-J, Ahn M-S, Jeong H-N, An T-J, Kim S-H (2016) Comparative phenolic compound profiles and antioxidative activity of the fruit, leaves, and roots of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) according to cultivation years. Journal of ginseng research 40:68-75 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2015.05.006
  4. Fujii H, Chinnusamy V, Rodrigues A, Rubio S, Antoni R, Park S-Y, Cutler SR, Sheen J, Rodriguez PL, Zhu J-K (2009) In vitro reconstitution of an abscisic acid signalling pathway. Nature 462:660 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08599
  5. Fujii H, Verslues PE, Zhu J-K (2007) Identification of two protein kinases required for abscisic acid regulation of seed germination, root growth, and gene expression in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 19:485-494 https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.106.048538
  6. Fujita Y, Nakashima K, Yoshida T, Katagiri T, Kidokoro S, Kanamori N, Umezawa T, Fujita M, Maruyama K, Ishiyama K (2009) Three SnRK2 protein kinases are the main positive regulators of abscisic acid signaling in response to water stress in Arabidopsis. Plant and Cell Physiology 50:2123-2132 https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcp147
  7. Hall BG (2013) Building phylogenetic trees from molecular data with MEGA. Molecular biology and evolution 30:1229-1235 https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst012
  8. Hong C, Lee S, Park J, Plaha P, Park Y, Lee Y, Choi J, Kim K, Lee J, Lee J (2004) Construction of a BAC library of Korean ginseng and initial analysis of BAC-end sequences. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 271:709-716
  9. Hu SY (1976) The genus Panax (ginseng) in Chinese medicine. Economic Botany 30:11-28 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02866780
  10. Jang W, Kim N-H, Lee J, Waminal NE, Lee S-C, Jayakodi M, Choi H-I, Park JY, Lee J-E, Yang T-J (2017) A glimpse of Panax ginseng genome structure revealed from ten BAC clone sequences obtained by SMRT sequencing platform. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 5:25-35 https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2017.5.1.25
  11. Jiang X, Yang C, Baosheng L, Shuiming X, Qinggang Y, Rui B, He S, Linlin D, Xiwen L, Jun Q (2017) Panax ginseng genome examination for ginsenoside biosynthesis. GigaScience
  12. Jo I-H, Lee J, Hong CE, Lee DJ, Bae W, Park S-G, Ahn YJ, Kim Y. C, Kim JU, Lee JW (2017) Isoform sequencing provides a more comprehensive view of the panax ginseng transcriptome. Genes 8:228 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes8090228
  13. Kim H, Moon S, Lee J, Bae W, Won K, Kim Y-K, Kang KK, Ryu H (2016) Identification of multiple key genes involved in pathogen defense and multi-stress tolerance using microarray and network analysis. Journal of Plant Biotechnology 43:347-358 https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2016.43.3.347
  14. Kim T-D, Kim Y-S, Han J-Y, Lim S, Choi Y-E (2009) Metabolic engineering for production of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng. Journal of Plant Biotechnology 36:352-359 https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2009.36.4.352
  15. Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K (2016) MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular biology and evolution 33:1870-1874 https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
  16. Liu M, Ding W, Gao Y, Li Y (2014) Identification of bacterial strain ge15 and its controlling effect on ginseng diseases. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi= Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi= China journal of Chinese materia medica 39:4754-4758
  17. Liu S, Liu M, Wang S, Lin Y, Zhang H, Wang Q, Zhao Y (2017). Analysis of the Panax ginseng stem/leaf transcriptome and gene expression during the leaf expansion period. Molecular medicine reports 16:6396-6404 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.7377
  18. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-${{\Delta}{\Delta}CT}$ method. methods 25:402-408 https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
  19. Lohrmann J, Sweere U, Zabaleta E, Baurle I, Keitel C, Kozma-Bognar L, Brennicke A, Schafer E, Kudla J, Harter K (2001) The response regulator ARR2: a pollen-specific transcription factor involved in the expression of nuclear genes for components of mitochondrial complex I in Arabidopsis. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 265:2-13 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000400
  20. Ma Y, Szostkiewicz I, Korte A, Moes D, Yang Y, Christmann A, Grill E (2009) Regulators of PP2C phosphatase activity function as abscisic acid sensors. Science 324:1064-1068
  21. Nakashima K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2013) ABA signaling in stress-response and seed development. Plant cell reports 32: 959-970 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1418-1
  22. Ryu H, Kim K, Cho H, Park J, Choe S, Hwang I (2007) Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of BZR1 mediated by phosphorylation is essential in Arabidopsis brassinosteroid signaling. The Plant Cell 19:2749-2762 https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.107.053728
  23. Saddhe AA, Kundan K, Padmanabh D (2017) Mechanism of ABA Signaling in Response to Abiotic Stress in Plants. Mechanism of Plant Hormone Signaling under Stress 1:173-195
  24. Sah SK, Reddy KR, Li J (2016) Abscisic acid and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Frontiers in plant science 7:571
  25. Shin HR, Kim JY, Yun TK, Morgan G, Vainio H (2000) The cancer-preventive potential of Panax ginseng: a review of human and experimental evidence. Cancer Causes & Control 11:565-576 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008980200583
  26. Umezawa T, Sugiyama N, Mizoguchi M, Hayashi S, Myouga F, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Ishihama Y, Hirayama T, Shinozaki K (2009) Type 2C protein phosphatases directly regulate abscisic acid-activated protein kinases in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences 106:17588-17593 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907095106
  27. Verma V, Ravindran P, Kumar PP (2016) Plant hormone-mediated regulation of stress responses. BMC plant biology 16:86 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0771-y
  28. Waminal NE, Pellerin RJ, Jang W, Kim HH, Yang T-J (2018) Characterization of chromosome-specific microsatellite repeats and telomere repeats based on low coverage whole genome sequence reads in Panax ginseng. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 6:74-81 https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2018.6.1.74
  29. Yang DC, Yang KJ (2000) Patterns and Contents of Ginsenoside in Normal Root Parts and Hairy Root Lines of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Journal of Plant Biotechnology 27:485-489
  30. Yoshida R, Hobo T, Ichimura K, Mizoguchi T, Takahashi F, Aronso J, Ecker JR, Shinozaki K (2002) ABA-activated SnRK2 protein kinase is required for dehydration stress signaling in Arabidopsis. Plant and Cell Physiology 43: 1473-1483 https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcf188
  31. Yoshida T, Fujita Y, Maruyama K, Mogami J, Todaka D, Shinozaki K, YAMAGUCHI-SHINOZAKI K (2015) Four A rabidopsis AREB/ABF transcription factors function predominantly in gene expression downstream of SnRK2 kinases in abscisic acid signalling in response to osmotic stress. Plant, cell & environment 38:35-49 https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12351
  32. Yoshida T, Fujita Y, Sayama H, Kidokoro S, Maruyama K, Mizoi J, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2010) AREB1, AREB2, and ABF3 are master transcription factors that cooperatively regulate ABRE-dependent ABA signaling involved in drought stress tolerance and require ABA for full activation. The Plant Journal 61:672-685 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04092.x