Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Analysis of Attitudes and Influencing Factors on Foreign Workers

외국인 근로자에 대한 태도와 영향요인 분석

  • Lee, Misook (Department of Saemaul and International Development, PSPS, Yeungnam University)
  • 이미숙 (영남대학교 박정희새마을대학원 새마을국제개발학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.31
  • Accepted : 2018.12.07
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to classify the attitudes of Korean people regarding foreign workers and to analyze the influence factors. Analysis of the attitude difference and the influential factors utilized the SPSS ${\chi}^2$ test and multinomial logistic regression analysis using 2016 data obtained from the 'Koreans' Consciousness and Values'. Socio-demographic variables, national identity, and socioeconomic variables were used as explanatory variables. The attitude types (friendly, negative, and dual) of respondents were identified, and the influence of explanatory variables influencing these attitudes was identified. Analysis found they have a relatively generous stance on granting legal rights, while they are negative regarding the economic and social threats from foreign workers. As a result of analyzing the factors affecting attitudes, there are significant differences in each influence. However, negative attitudes and dual attitude concerning with negative legal rights found common to the influence of the factors of national identity. Gender and ratio of foreign workers were influential factors for dual attitudes with a high economic threat. On the other hand, socioeconomic factors reflecting the realistic conflict theory were not found to have any effect. The negative attitude of foreign workers in our society can be regarded as cognitive threats rather than realistic experiences or conflicts.

본 연구는 '2016년 한국인의 의식 및 가치관 조사' 자료를 활용하여 우리국민의 외국인에 대한 태도를 유형별로 구분하고, 영향요인 분석을 목적으로 한다. 분석방법은 SPSS의 ${\chi}^2$ 검증과 다항로지스틱 회귀모형 분석을 통하여 태도의 차이검증과 영향요인을 분석하였다. 인구사회학적 변인과 국민정체성 변인, 사회경제적 변인을 설명변수로 채택하였으며, 응답자의 태도유형(우호적, 부정적, 이중적)을 구분하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 설명변수의 영향력을 규명하였다. 분석 결과 법적 권리를 부여하는 것에 대해서는 비교적 관대한 입장을 보이고 있는 반면, 외국인 근로자들로 인한 경제적 위협과 사회적 위협에 대해서는 부정적 태도를 보이고 있다. 태도 유형의 영향요인을 분석한 결과 각 영향력에는 차이가 있으나, 부정적 태도 유형과 법적 권리에 부정적인 이중적 태도는 공통적으로 국민정체성 변인이 영향요인으로 작용하였으며, 경제적 사회적 위협이 큰 이중적 태도에는 남성, 외국인 노동자 거주비율이 영향요인으로 나타났다. 반면 현실갈등이론을 반영하는 사회경제적 요인은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되어, 우리사회 외국인근로자에 대한 부정적 견해는 현실적 경험이나 갈등보다는 인지적 위협으로 향후 원주민에 대한 외국인 이해교육이나 교류확대 등의 정책이 요구된다.

Keywords

Table 1. Measurement Variables

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_150_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Awareness of Foreigners

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_150_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Types of Attitude of Foreigners

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_150_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Comparative Analysis by Cross-tabulation Test

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_150_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Factors influencing on attitude of foreigners by multinominal logistic regression analysis

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_150_t0005.png 이미지

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