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생리적 요인 활용 이상기상에 의한 배추의 수량저하 평가

Assessment on Yield Decrease of Kimchi Cabbage by Extreme Weather Conditions using Physiological Parameters

  • 이희주 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 이상규 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 김성겸 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 박성태 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소과)
  • Lee, Hee Ju (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Lee, Sang Gyu (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Sung Kyeom (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Park, Sung Tae (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science)
  • 투고 : 2017.08.09
  • 심사 : 2018.02.07
  • 발행 : 2018.03.30

초록

배추를 대상으로 고온과 침수시간에 따른 생리적 반응과 수량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 배추는 온도조건을 적온(하우스 측창 개폐온도 $20^{\circ}C$)과 고온(하우스 개폐온도 $30^{\circ}C$) 처리를 하였고, 침수처리는 무침수(0시간) 처리구와 침수처리(12, 24, 48 및 72시간)를 하였다. 그 결과 생육은 온도보다는 침수기간에 의해 유의성이 컸는데, 침수기간이 길수록 현저하게 감소하였다. 특히 결구중은 고온구일수록 침수기간이 길수록 적어졌다. 광합성속도는 $30^{\circ}C$ 12시간과 24시간 처리구와 $20^{\circ}C$ 무침수 처리구가 $22.6-23.4{\mu}mol\;CO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$로 가장 높았고, 온도에 관계없이 72시간 침수 시에 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 가을배추의 정상주 비율은 침수시간이 24시간 이하일 때 88% 이상으로 높았고, 72시간 침수처리구에서는 적온구와 고온구가 각각 64와 68%로 크게 낮아졌다. 수량은 온도의 영향보다는 침수기간의 영향이 매우 컸으며 침수기간이 길수록 현저하게 감소하였다. 이것은 침수시간이 24시간까지는 어느정도 수량을 확보할 수 있지만 더 이상 길어지면 토양내 수분함량이 증가하여 뿌리호흡 및 근활력이 크게 저하되어 광합성능력까지 떨어뜨림으로써 생산성이 낮아지는 것을 의미한다. 또한 배추 재배 시 $30^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온이 되지 않도록 하고, 고온시 침수가 되면 결구가 완전하게 되지 않았더라도 가급적 일찍 수확하는 것이 생산량 확보에 유리하다.

This study evaluated the effects of high air temperature and waterlogging duration on growth and yield of Kimchi cabbage. Air temperature treatments were applied with ventilation; optimal (set $20^{\circ}C$) and delayed ($30^{\circ}C$) in the greenhouses. The waterlogging treatment levels were implicated 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. The growth of Kimchi cabbage was significantly affected by waterlogging duration. The head weight decreased by combining severe waterlogging and high air temperature. Net photosynthetic rate under the combination of non-waterlogging and optimal air temperature was $22.6{\mu}mol\;CO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, which was the greatest, while that of 72 hours-waterlogging was rapidly decreased. The percentage of formality with 0, 12, and 24 hours-waterlogging was over 88%, however, those of 72 hours-waterlogging with optimal and delayed ventilation were 64 and 68%, respectively, which were dramatically reduced. The yields were more affected by waterlogging duration than air temperature treatment because of deducting as increased waterlogging periods. These results indicate that waterlogging treatment reduced the yield and quality of Kimchi cabbage, thus it will be feasible to enhance the harvest time when severe waterlogging in the field.

키워드

참고문헌

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