태양광 대량보급 시대의 기술개발

Technology Development in the Era of Photovoltaic Mass Supply

Abstract

The Korean electric power supply plan was prepared by greatly enhancing the environmental and safety with considering the economical efficiency of the electric equipment, the impact on the environment and the public safety. As a result, the fossil energy-based power generation sector is accelerating the paradigm shift to eco-friendly energy such as solar power and wind. Also the solar power industry is expected to grow into a super large-sized industry by converging the energy storage and electric vehicle industry. Generally, a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is used to calculate the power generation cost for different generation power generation efficiency, operating cost, and life span. In this paper, we have studied the future research and development direction of photovoltaic technology development for the era of massive utilization of photovoltaic solar power, and have studied the LCOE of major countries including China, USA, Germany, Japan and Korea. Finally we have reviewed USA and Japan research programs to reduce the LCOE.

Fig. 1. Power mix according to the 8th basic plan for long-term electricity supply and demand

Fig. 2. Cumulative PV capacity of the major countries

Fig. 3. Average module price based on accumulated installation

Fig. 4. LCOE weighted average of utility solar

Fig. 5. LCOE trend by nations and applications

Fig. 6. Comparison of costs of solar PV system (5~500 kW) in Japan and Germany by elements

Fig. 7. Average poly-silicon utilization per wafer type (156×156 mm²)

Fig. 8. Cell efficiency improvement according to finger number with different finger width at 5 bus bar solar cell

Fig. 9. Average stabilized efficiency values for Si solar cells (156 × 156 cm²)

Fig. 10. Module power for 60-cell (156 × 156 cm²)

Fig. 11. Manufacturing cost for the c-Si module supply chain from 2014/15 to Q1 2017

Fig. 12. LCOE progress and targets without the ITC or state/Local incentives

Fig. 13. Pathways to achieving Sunshot 2030 goals

Fig. 14. Electricity cost of non-housing (10kW or more) solar power generation system estimated by the Japan’s procurement price calculation committee

Table 1. Current photovoltaic research program in NEDO, Japan