Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Concept Analysis of Health Inequalities using Hybrid Model

혼종 모형을 이용한 건강 불평등 개념분석

  • Lee, Ha-na (Department of Nursing, Dongyang University)
  • Received : 2017.12.26
  • Accepted : 2018.03.09
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to understand the conceptual definition and characteristics of health inequality. To accomplish this, we analyzed data collected from 14 participants as well as from available literature regarding health inequality using the hybrid model introduced by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. We categorized health inequality into nine attributes in three dimensions. These dimensions included "target", "precede", and "result," corresponding to the target, cause and consequence of health inequality, respectively. Specifically, we define health inequality as individuals, families, communities, socio-economic, or geographically distinct demographic groups that are treated unfairly and result in several problems such as loss of quality of life, reduction of survival rate, or aggravation of a disease due to (i) poor treatment by a hospital (ii) irregular meals, (iii) desperate need for work (for money), (iv) expensive medical care costs, (v) qualitative differences in medical care by regional groups (vi) the lack of knowledge regarding disease (vii) and inadequate health care because of lack of time. As a result of this unfair treatment, human rights violation occurs. The major contribution from this paper is that we provide a guideline for establishing strategies to reduce health inequality by identifying the concept of health inequality. Based on this study, we recommend development of an educational program to reduce health inequalities.

본 연구는 건강 불평등의 개념을 정립하고 정의하기 위해 시행되었다. 연구 분석 방법은 Schwartz-Barcott와 Kim의 혼종 모형(Hybrid model)을 이용하였으며, 자료 수집은 14명의 대상자와 건강 불평등과 관련된 문헌으로부터 수집하였다. 본 연구 결과, 건강 불평등은 3개의 차원과 9개의 속성으로 도출되었으며, 3개의 차원은 대상영역, 선행영역, 결과영역 이었다. 대상 영역은 건강 불평등의 대상이 되는 영역, 선행 영역은 건강 불평등을 일으키는 원인이 되는 영역, 결과 영역은 건강 불평등의 결과가 되는 영역을 말한다. 즉, 건강 불평등의 정의는 개인, 가족, 지역사회 또는 사회적, 경제적, 지리적으로 구분되는 인구집단이 (i) 병원에서의 홀대받음, (ii) 떼우는 끼니, (iii) 일을 할 수 밖에 없는 현실, (iv) 질병관리의 의료비 부담, (v) 지역 간 의료의 질적 차이, (ⅵ) 질병의 지식부족, (ⅶ) 묶여있는 시간으로 인한 부적절한 건강 관리와 같은 건강 불평등으로 인하여 병을 얻게 되거나 병을 키우게 되며, 생존률과 삶의 질이 감소하게 되어 결과적으로 인간의 기본권이 침해되는 것을 의미 한다. 본 연구는 건강 불평등의 개념을 정립함으로 인해 건강불평등을 감소시킬 수 있는 전략에 실제적인 밑거름이 될 수 있는 자료를 제공했다는데 의의가 있으며 본 연구를 기초로 하여 건강 불평등을 줄이기 위한 프로그램 개발을 제안한다.

Keywords

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