Figure 1. Word-cloud representing the frequency of plant resources in the aspect of family name, genus name, plant parts and usage in Korea and China.
Figure 2. Network analysis of Top 10 plants and ailments in Korea (Rank begins from left top to right bottom). * Center indicate the plant name. The shorter of node the more relations between plant and ailment.
Figure 3. Network analysis of Top 10 plants and ailments in China (Rank begins from left top to right bottom).* Center indicate the plant name. The shorter of node the more relations between plant and ailment.
Figure 4. Network analysis of Top 10 plants and part for use in Korea (Rank begins from left top to right bottom).* Center indicate the plant name. The shorter of node the more relations between plant and part used.
Figure 5. Network analysis of Top 10 plants and part for use in China (Rank begins from left top to right bottom).* Center indicate the plant name. The shorter of node the more relations between plant and part used.
Figure 6. Network analysis of plant part and ailments in Korea (left) and China (right).* Center indicate the plant part. The shorter of node the more relations between plant part and ailment.
Table 1. References used for the data analysis.
Table 2. Frequency of Family names in use for human-beings in Korea and China.
Table 2. Frequency of Family names in use for human-beings in Korea and China (continued).
Table 3. Frequency of Genus names in use for human-beings in Korea and China.
Table 3. Frequency of Genus names in use for human-beings in Korea and China (continued).
Table 3. Frequency of Genus names in use for human-beings in Korea and China (continued).
Table 3. Frequency of Genus names in use for human-beings in Korea and China (continued).
Table 4. Common plants between Korea and China by family, genus and species name.
Table 5. Frequency of plant part use in use for human-beings in Korea and China.
Table 6. Frequency of usage in use for human-beings in Korea and China.
Table 7. Association of Usage in use for human-beings in Korea and China.
References
- Albuquerque, U.P., Medeiros, P.M., Ramos, M.A., Ferreira Jr., W.S., Nascimento, A.L.B., Avilez, W.M.T. and Melo, J.G. 2014. Are ethnopharmacological surveys useful for the discovery and development of drugs from medicinal plants?. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy 24: 110-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.04.003
- Chang, N., Luo, Z.X., Li, D.W. and Song, H.Y. 2017. Indigenous Uses and Pharmacological Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Mount Taibai, China. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2017: 11.
- Chang, N., Luo, Z.X., Li, D.W. and Song, H.Y. 2017. Indigenous Uses and Pharmacological Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Mount Taibai, China. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2017: 11.
- Choi, K., Jeong, H.R. and Park, K.W. 2012. Folk Plants in Korea Peninsula IX. Chungbuk & Chungnam provinces. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea
- Choi, K.H., Kim, H. and Song, M.J. 2014. Selecting order of priority using Delphi and statistical method. Journal of the Korean Data And Information Science Society 25(6): 1161-1170. https://doi.org/10.7465/jkdi.2014.25.6.1161
- Chung, J.M., Kim, H.J., Park, G.W., Jeong, H.R., Choi, K. and Shin, C.H. 2016. Ethnobotanical Study on the Traditional Knowledge of Vascular Plant Resources in South Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 29(1): 62-89. https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2016.29.1.062
- Cook, F.E.M. 1995. Economic Botany Data Collection Standard. Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew) 11: ix-146.
- Dutfield, G. 2010. Why traditional knowledge is important in drug discovery. Future Medicinal Chemistry 2(9): 1405-1409. https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc.10.210
- Fua, Y., Yang, J.C., Cunningham A.B., Towns, A.M., Zhang, Y., Yang, H.Y., Li, J.W. and Yang, X.F. 2018. A billion cups: The diversity, traditional uses, safety issues and potential of Chinese herbal teas. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 222: 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.026
- Hong, L.Y., Guo, Z.Y., Huang, K.H., Wei, S.J., Liu, B., Meng, S.W. and Long, C.L. 2015. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Maonan people in China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11(1): 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0019-1
- Hong, L.Y., Zhuo, J.X., Lei, Q.Y., Zhou, J.J., Ahmed, S., Wang, C.Y., Long, Y.X., Li, F.F. and Long, C.L. 2015. Ethnobotany of wild plants used for starting fermented beverages in Shui communities of southwest China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11(1): 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0028-0
- Huang, W.J., Li, P., Liu, Y.J., Huang, W., Ju, Y., Wang, J.J., Ntumwel, C.B. and Long, C.L. 2016. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Li people in Ledong, Hainan Island, China. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 85(1).
- Jeong, M.H. 2014. Protection of genetic resources and related traditional knowledge and intellectual property. Intellectual Property Policy 21: 26-35.
- Khasbagan and Soyolt. 2008. Indigenous knowledge for plant species diversity : a case study of wild plants' folk names used by the Mongolians in Ejina desert area, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 4(4): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-4-1
- Kim, C.W., An, C.H., Lee, H.S., Cheong, E.J., Lim, S.H. and Kim, H.Y. 2018. Proximate and mineral components of Viscum album var. coloratum grown on eight different host tree species. Journal of Forestry Research https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-018-0730-6
- Kim, H.J., Jeong, H.S. and Kang, S.H. 2015. Ethnobotany of Jeju island, Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 28(2): 217-234. https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2015.28.2.217
- Korea Institute of Interpectoral Property. 2016. Development of a model on access to genetic resources and benefitsharing.
- Lee, S.W., Xiao, C.J and Pei, S.J. 2008. Ethnobotanical survey of medicine plants at periodic markets of Honghe prefecture in Yunnan province, SW China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 117: 362-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.02.001
- Li, D.L. and Xing, F.W. 2016. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by local Hoklos people on Hainan Island, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 194: 358-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.050
- Li, D.L., Zheng, X.L., Duan, L., Deng, S.W., Ye, W., Wang, A.Y. and Xing, F.W. 2017. Ethnobotanical survey of herbal tea plants from the traditional markets in Chaoshan, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 205: 195-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.040
- Li, F.F., Zhuo, J.X., Liu, B., Jarvis, D. and Long, C.L. 2015. Ethnobotanical study on wild plants used by Lhoba people in Milin County, Tibet. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11(1): 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0009-3
- Liu, B., Guo, Z.Y., Bussmann, R., Li, F.F., Li, J.Q., Hong, L.Y. and Long, C.L. 2016. Ethnobotanical approaches of traditional medicine studies in Southwest China: A literature review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 186: 343-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.040
- Liu, Y.J., Ahmed, S., Liu, B., Guo, Z.Y., Huang, W.J., Wu, X.J., Li, S.H., Zhou, J.J., Lei, Q.Y. and Long, C.L. 2014. Ethnobotany of dye plants in Dong communities of China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 10(1): 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-23
- Maharaj, V.J., Senabe, J. and Hora, R.M. 2008. Hoodia, a case study at CSIR. Science real and relevant: 2nd CSIR Biennial Conference, CSIR International Convention Centre Pretoria, 17&18 November 2008.
- Soltis, D.E. and Soltis, P.S. 2016. Mobilizing and integrating big data in studies of spatial and phylogenetic patterns of biodiversity. Plant Diversity 38(6): 264-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2016.12.001
- Song, M.J., Kim, H., Heldenbrand, B., Jeon, J.W. and Lee, S.H. 2013. Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Jeju Island, Korea. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9: 48. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-48
- Song, M.J., Kim, H., Lee, B.Y., Heldenbrand, B., Park, C.H., Park and Hyun, C.W. 2014. Analysis of traditional knowledge of medicinal plants from residents Gayasan National Park (Korea). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 10-74. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-74
- The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists, 2014. The assessment for vascular plant resources and the reclassification of their usefulness from Korea (Final Report). Korea Forest Service. Korea. pp.173.
- Yang, L.X., Ahmed, S., Stepp, J.R., Mi, K., Zhao, Y.K., Ma, J.Z., Liang, C., Pei, S.J., Huai, H.Y., Xu, G., Hamilton, A.C., Yang, Z.W. and Xue, D.Y. 2014. Comparative homegarden medical ethnobotany of Naxi healers and farmers in Northwestern Yunnan, China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 10(1): 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-6
- Zhang, L.L., Zhang, Y., Pei, S.J., Geng, Y.F., Wang, C. and Wang, Y.H. 2015. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal dietary plants used by the Naxi People in Lijiang Area, Northwest Yunnan, China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11(1): 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0030-6
- Zhang, Y., Geng, Y.F., Zhang, L.L., Wang, L., He, L.J., Wang, C., Chai, Z.Z., Fan, R.Y., Li, S. and Wang, Y.H. 2015. Finding new sources from "using different plants as the same herb": A case study of Huang-lian in Northwest Yunnan, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 169: 413-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.051
- Zhao, L., Tian, S.G., Wen, E. and Upur, H. 2017. An ethnopharmacological study of aromatic Uyghur medicinal plants in Xinjiang, China. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 1114-1130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2016.1270971