DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

사료첨가제로서 맥주박이 장수풍뎅이 유충의 생육에 미치는 영향

Brewers' Dried Grain as a Feed Additive for the Korean Rhinoceros Beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma

  • 송명하 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 곤충산업과) ;
  • 이희삼 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 곤충산업과) ;
  • 박관호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 곤충산업과)
  • Song, Myung-Ha (Industrial Insect Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Association) ;
  • Lee, Heui-Sam (Industrial Insect Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Association) ;
  • Park, Kwanho (Industrial Insect Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Association)
  • 투고 : 2018.09.21
  • 심사 : 2018.12.14
  • 발행 : 2018.12.30

초록

장수풍뎅이 유충은 쌍별귀뚜라미와 갈색거저리 및 흰점박이꽃무지 유충과 함께 국내 식품의약품안전처의 식품공전에 일반식품원료로 등록되었다. 이에 곤충에 대한 종합적인 관리 시스템 개발이 요구되고, 이와 함께 양질의 곤충을 대량생산하기 위한 위생적이고 안전한 식용곤충 전용 먹이원 개발 등과 관련된 연구를 지속적으로 수행할 필요가 있다. 식품가공 부산물은 단백질, 지질, 무기질 및 기타 여러 가지 생리활성 물질을 함유하고 있어 가축 등 동물 사료의 대체 에너지원으로 활용되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 감귤박, 비지박, 대두박, 맥주박 등 4종의 식품가공 부산물을 첨가한 먹이원 급여에 따른 장수풍뎅이 유충에 미치는 효과를 비교하였다. 장수풍뎅이 3령 유충에 10% 맥주박을 첨가한 먹이원을 급여했을 때 가장 높은 생존율을 보였고, 유충의 무게 또한 대조구 대비 약 26% 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 유충기간에 있어서도 10% 맥주박을 첨가했을 때 약 120일로 대조구보다 28일 이상 단축되는 것을 확인하였다. 뿐만 아니라 10% 맥주박 첨가 실험구의 용무게와 용화율이 가장 높게 나타나는 것으로 보아 맥주박이 장수풍뎅이 사육용 사료 소재로서 충분히 활용될 가치가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 더불어 맥주박은 시중에서 쉽고 저렴하게 구매할 수 있어 곤충사육 농가에서 손쉽게 활용할 수 있으며, 식품가공 부산물을 친환경적으로 처리하고 식용곤충을 안전하고 경제적으로 사육하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Edible insects have recently been increasingly promoted as a source of protein. As the number of farms rearing these insect increases, it is important to develop safe and nutritious feed sources to improve their commercial quality. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of food by-products as feed supplements for the Korean rhinoceros beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, which has been registered as a general food ingredient in Korea. We compared the effects of waste citrus peel, soybean curd cake, soybean oil meal, and brewers' dried grain on the growth of third instar larvae of A. dichotoma. Groups of larvae were fed with fermented sawdust and nine different combinations of the above by-products and the effects on their growth were measured until pupation. The highest survival rate was with feed supplemented with 10% brewers' dried grain (66.7%, p<0.05), and these larvae were also 26% heavier (p<0.05) than the control group that received no supplementation. In the 10% brewers' dried grain group, the larval period of third instar was shortened by almost 28 days (p<0.01) compared to the control group. Of all the groups, only that which was fed the brewers' dried grain supplement showed more than a 90% pupation rate (p<0.05). Therefore, brewers' dried grain may be useful as a source of feed for A. dichotoma.

키워드

SMGHBM_2018_v28n12_1501_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Survival rates of Allomyrina dichotoma larvae using experimental feeds.

SMGHBM_2018_v28n12_1501_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Body weight changes of the larvae fed by-products.

Table 1. Chemical composition of four by-products

SMGHBM_2018_v28n12_1501_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Mean period of larvae with maximum weight and maximum larval weight with different feeds

SMGHBM_2018_v28n12_1501_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Larval period, pupal weight, and pupation rate with different feed compositions

SMGHBM_2018_v28n12_1501_t0003.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. Bocco, A., Cuvelier, M. E., Richard, H. and Berset, C. 1998. Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of citrus peel and seed extracts. J. Agri. Food Chem. 46, 2123-2129. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9709562
  2. Bukkens, S. G. F. 1996. The nutritional value of edible insects. Ecol. Food Nutr. 36, 287-319.
  3. Carias, D. and Millan, N. 1996. Brewery waste as a substitute for soy protein in soy-brewer's yeast mixtures to feed broiler chickens. Arch. Latinoam. Nut. 46, 67-70.
  4. Chang, K. L. B., Lin, Y. S. and Chen, R. H. 2003. The effect of chitosan on the gel properties of tofu (soybean curd). J. Food Eng. 57, 315-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00345-X
  5. Chang, S. S., Kwon, H. J., Lee, S. M., Cho, Y. M., Chung, K. Y., Choi, N. J. and Lee, S. S. 2013. Effects of brewers grain, soybean curd and rice straw as an ingredient of TMR on growth performance, serum parameters and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 55, 51-59. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2013.55.1.51
  6. Danielsen, V. and Vestergaard, E. M. 2001. Dietary fibre for pregnant sows: effect on performance and behaviour. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 90, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00197-3
  7. Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S. M. and Toulmin, C. 2010. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 Billion people. Science 327, 812-818. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383
  8. Hassan, M. A., Aftabuddin, M., Meena, D. K., Mishal, P. and Gupta, S. D. 2016. Effective utilization of distiller's grain soluble-an agro-industrial waste in the feed of cage-reared minor carp Labeo bata in a tropical reservoir. India Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5714-x
  9. Helkar, P. B., Sahoo, A. K. and Patil, N. J. 2016. Review: Food Industry By-Products used as a Functional Food Ingredients. Int. J. Waste Resour. 6, 248-253.
  10. Ishimoto, M. and Kitamura, K. 1989. Growth inhibitory effects of an ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitor from the kidney bean, Phaselous vulgaris (L.) on three species of bruchids (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Appl. Ent. Zool. 24, 281-286. https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.24.281
  11. Ishimoto, M., Sato, T., Chrispeels, M. J. and Kitamura, K. 1996. Bruchid resistance of transgenic azuki bean expressing seed ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitor of common bean. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 79, 309-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1996.tb00838.x
  12. Kim, D. S., Huh, J., You, G. C., Chae, S. C., Lee, O. S., Lee, H. B., Lee, J. B. and Kim, J. S. 2007. Allomyrina dichotoma larva extracts protect streptozotocin-induced oxidative cytotoxicity. J. Environ. Toxicol. 22, 349-355.
  13. Kim, S. Y., Chung, T. H., Kim, S. H., Song, S. H. and Kim, N. J. 2014. Recyciling agricultural wastes as feed for mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). Kor. J. Appl. Entomol. 53, 367-373. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2014.10.0.043
  14. Manthey, J. A. and Grohmann, K. 2001. Phenols in citrus peel byproducts concentrations of hydroxycinnamates and polymethoxylated flavones in citrus peel molasses. J. Agri. Food Chem. 49, 3268-3273. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010011r
  15. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. 2016. Food Sanitation Act, revised notice (2016-18).
  16. Mussatto, S. I. 2014. Brewers' spent grain: a valuable feedstock for industrial applications. J. Sci. Food Agri. 94, 1264-1475. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6486
  17. Oonincx, D. G., van Itterbeeck, J., Heetkamp, M. J. W., van den Brand, H., van Loon, J. J. A. and van Huis, A. 2010. An exploration on greenhouse gas and ammonia production by insect species suitable for animal or human consumption. PLoS One 5, 1-7.
  18. Park, J. K., Lim, D. H., Kim, S. B., Ki, K. S., Lee, H. J., Kwon, E. G., Cho, W. M. and Kim, C. H. 2011. Effects of partial replacement of corn grain and soybean mMeal with agricultural by-product feeds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and optimum levels of mixing ratio. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 53, 441-450. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2011.53.5.441
  19. Robertson, J. A. I., Anson, K. J. A., Treimo, J., Faulds, C. B., Brocklehurst, T. F., Eijsink, V. G. H. and Waldron, K. W. 2010. Profiling brewers' spent grain for composition and microbial ecology at the site of production. LWT Food Sci. Technol. 43, 890-896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.01.019
  20. Song, M. H., Han, M. H., Lee, S., Kim, E. S., Park, K. H., Kim, W. T. and Choi, J. Y. 2016. Effect of different diets on growth and development of the two-spotted cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Int. J. Indust. Entomol. 33, 59-62. https://doi.org/10.7852/ijie.2016.33.2.59
  21. Song, M. H., Han, M. H., Lee, S., Kim, E. S., Park, K. H., Kim, W. T. and Choi, J. Y. 2017a. A field survey on edible insect farms in Korea. J. Life Sci. 27, 702-707.
  22. Song, M. H., Han, M. H., Lee, S., Kim, E. S., Park, K. H., Kim, W. T. and Choi, J. Y. 2017b. Growth performance and nutrient composition in the white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) fed agricultural by-product, soybean curd cake. J. Life Sci. 27, 1185-1190.
  23. Song, M. H., Lee, H. S. and Park, K. 2018. Effects of dietary animal feed on the growth performance of edible insects. J. Life Sci. 28, 563-568.
  24. Taketa, K., Ichikawa, E., Umetsu, K. and Suzuki, T. 1986. Allomyrina dichotoma lectin-nonreactive ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma and other tumors: Comparison with Ricinus communis agglutinin-1. Cancer Lett. 31, 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(86)90155-2
  25. van Huis, A. 2013. Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 58, 563-583. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153704
  26. van Huis, A., van Itterbeeck, J., Klunder, H., Mertens, E., Halloran, A., Muir, G. and Vantomme, P. 2013. Edible Insects. Future Prospects for Food and Feed Security, FAO, Rome, p 201.
  27. Westendorf, M. L. 2000. Food waste as animal feed: An introduction, Food Waste to Animal Feed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470290217.ch1
  28. Yoo, J., Hwang, J. S., Goo, T. W. and Yun, E. Y. 2013. Comparative analysis of nutritional and harmful components in Korean and Chinese mealworms (Tenebrio molitor). Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 42, 249-254. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.2.249
  29. Young, I. S. and Woodside, J. V. 2001. Antioxidants in health and disease. J. Clin. Pathol. 54, 176-186. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.54.3.176
  30. Zhou, Q. C., Mai, K. S., Tan, B. P. and Lin, Y. J. 2005. Partial replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal in diets for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aquac. Nutr. 11, 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2005.00335.x