Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Changes in Glucosinolate Content of Dolsan Leaf Mustard Kimchi during Fermentation and Correlation with Antioxidant, Antihypertensive, and Antidiabetic Activities

발효기간에 따른 돌산갓김치의 glucosinolates 함량변화와 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성과의 상관관계

  • Oh, Sun-Kyung (Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Woong (Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Myeong-Rak (Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University)
  • 오선경 (전남대학교 생명산업공학과) ;
  • 김기웅 (전남대학교 해양바이오식품학과) ;
  • 최명락 (전남대학교 생명산업공학과)
  • Received : 2018.09.28
  • Accepted : 2018.11.12
  • Published : 2018.11.30
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Abstract

The glucosinolate content, antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive and antidiabetic activities were measured in a crude extract of Dolsan leaf mustard kimchi (DLMK). The glucosinolate content was low at 6.41 and 7.92 mg/g in leaves and stems of DLMK after 21 days of fermentation. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were more than 2 times higher in the leaves (211.7 mg GAE/g, 158.8 mg QE/g) than in the stem (53.7 mg GAE/g, 85.2 mg QE/g) during the fermentation period. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and electron donating ability (EDA) were similar to those of the control group after 14 days of fermentation, while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was higher in the leaves after 14 days of fermentation when compared to the control group. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity showed similar or higher inhibitory activity in the leaves when compared to the control group (0.01% captopril), and the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was higher in the leaves and stems when compared to the control group (0.05% acarbose). The glucosinolate content and the ABTS, ACE, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were correlated, as determined by the observed straight line plot with a positive grade. During the fermentation period, the detected glucosinolates were sinigrin, glucobrasicin, glucotropeolin, and progoitrin. The DLMK extract is therefore expected to be valuable as a functional food because of its effective antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activities.

돌산갓김치의 조추출물을 이용하여 glucosinolates함량, 항산화활성, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성을 측정하였다. Glucosinolates 함량은 DLMK의 잎과 줄기에서 6.41, 7.92 mg/g으로 발효기간 중 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. Total polyphenol과 total flavonoid함량은 줄기보다 잎에서 발효기간 동안 2배 이상의 함량을 나타냈다. ABTS라디컬 소거활성과 EDA은 발효 14일째 대조군과 유사한 활성을 나타냈고, FRAP는 발효 14일째 잎에서 대조군보다 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 그리고 항고혈압 활성(ACE 저해활성)은 잎에서 대조군인 0.01% captopril과 비슷하거나 높은 저해활성을 나타냈으며, 항당뇨활성(${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성)은 대조군인 0.05% acarbose보다 잎, 줄기에서 높은 저해활성을 나타냈다. 또한 glucosinolates 함량과 ABTS 및 EDA, ACE 저해활성 및 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성의 상관관계는 줄기 추출물 보다 잎 추출물이 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 발효기간 중 glucosinolates는 sinigrin, glucobrassicin, glucotropaeolin, progoitrin 검출되었다. 이 결과를 통해 돌산 갓김치 추출물은 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성에 효과가 높은 것으로 나타냈기에 기능성 식품으로서 가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Changes in total polyphenol (A) and total flavonoid (B) content in DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-b) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Changes in 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (A), electron donating ability (EDA) (B) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (C) in DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-c) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (A) and α-glucosidase (B) inhibitory activities of DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-c) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Glucosinolates content of leaves and stems extracts of DLMK and correlations between measured electron donating ability (EDA) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging (A, C) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (B, D).

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Mass spectra showing retention times and MS/MS fragments at m/z 369.12, 302.07, 317.07, and 479.11, representing glucobrassicin (A), sinigrin (B), glucotropaeolin (C), and progoitrin (D), respectively, in DLMK extract. It represents ESI full scan mode and ESI ms2.

Table 1. Content of glucosinolates in DLMK extracts during the fermentation period

SMGHBM_2018_v28n11_1290_t0001.png 이미지

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