Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Designing optimized food intake patterns for Korean adults using linear programming (I): analysis of data from the 2010~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

선형계획법을 이용한 한국 성인의 최적 식품섭취패턴 설계 (I) : 2010~ 2014년 국민건강영양조사 자료 분석

  • Asano, Kana (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yang, Hongsuk (Department of Business Administration, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Youngmi (Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University) ;
  • Yoon, Jihyun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2017.10.15
  • Accepted : 2018.01.17
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to design optimized food intake patterns that meet the nutritional recommendations with minimal changes from the current food intake patterns among Korean adults using linear programming. Methods: Data of a one day 24-hour dietary recall from the 2010 ~ 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey were used to quantify the food items that Korean adults usually consumed. These food items were categorized into seven groups and 24 subgroups. The mean intakes and intake distributions of the food groups and the food subgroups were calculated for eight age (19 ~ 29, 30 ~ 49, 50 ~ 64, and over 65 years old) and gender (male and female) groups. A linear programming model was constructed to minimize the difference between the optimized and mean intakes of the food subgroups while meeting the Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) for energy and 13 nutrients, and not exceeding the typical quantities of each food subgroup consumed by the respective age and gender groups. Results: The optimized food intake patterns, which were a set of quantities of 24 food subgroups, were obtained mathematically for eight age and gender groups. Overall, major modifications of current diet were required to increase the intake of vegetables and milk/dairy products and decrease the Kimchi intake. The optimized intake of seasonings, including salt, was calculated to be 0 g for all the age and gender groups. Conclusion: The optimized food intake patterns designed using linear programming in this study lack feasibility because they suggest a seasoning consumption of 0 g. Modification of intake goal for sodium is needed to obtain optimized food intake patterns with improved feasibility.

본 연구는 선형계획법을 이용하여 현재의 식품섭취패턴에서 크게 벗어나지 않으면서 영양섭취기준을 충족하는 한국 성인의 최적 식품섭취패턴을 설계하였고, 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 식품품목별 실제섭취량과 최적섭취량을 비교하였을 때 실제섭취량보다 최적섭취량이 높게 나타나 영양섭취기준을 충족하기 위해서 현재보다 섭취량을 더 늘릴 필요가 있는 식품품목으로 모든 집단에서 공통적으로 채소류, 50 ~ 64세 남성을 제외한 집단에서 우유 유제품류인 것으로 나타났다. 50 ~ 64세를 제외한 여성에서는 채소류, 우유 유제품류 이외에도 과일류도 섭취량을 더 높여야 하는 식품품목으로 나타났다. 모든 남성 집단과 19 ~ 29세를 제외한 여성 집단에서 김치의 최적섭취량이 실제 섭취량보다 낮게 나타나 김치는 덜 섭취해야 하는 식품품목인 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 조미료에 대해서는 모든 집단에서 공통적으로 최적섭취량이 0 g으로 산출되었다. 이에 선형계획법을 이용해서 설계한 최적 식품섭취패턴에서 조미료의 최적섭취량이 실생활에서 실현 불가능한 0 g으로 산출되었기 때문에 설계한 최적 식품섭취패턴의 실현성을 높이기 위해서는 나트륨의 목표섭취량을 실제섭취량이 고려된 보다 현실적인 기준으로 재설정할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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