Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Molecular Method Confirms Canine Leishmania Infection Detected by Serological Methods in Non-Endemic Area of Brazil

  • Riboldi, Emeline (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)) ;
  • Carvalho, Flavio (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)) ;
  • Romao, Pedro Roosevelt Torres (Laboratorio de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude, Departamento de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)) ;
  • Barcellos, Regina Bones (Centro de Desenvolvimento Cientifico Tecnologico (CDCT), Fundacao Estadual de Producao e Pesquisa em Saude (FEPPS)) ;
  • Bello, Graziele Lima (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)) ;
  • Ramos, Raquel Rocha (Centro de Desenvolvimento Cientifico Tecnologico (CDCT), Fundacao Estadual de Producao e Pesquisa em Saude (FEPPS)) ;
  • de Oliveira, Rosemari Terezinha (Laboratorio Pathos) ;
  • Araujo, Joao Pessoa Junior (Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Laboratorio de Virologia/Diagnostico Molecular, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)) ;
  • Rossetti, Maria Lucia (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)) ;
  • Dallegrave, Eliane (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA))
  • Received : 2017.05.08
  • Accepted : 2017.10.27
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

In Brazil, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is expanding and becoming urbanized, especially in non-endemic areas such as the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Considering that infected dogs are the main reservoir for zoonotic VL, this study evaluated the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, a new area of expansion of VL in Brazil. Serum and plasma from 405 asymptomatic dogs from the municipalities of Canoas (n=107), $S\tilde{a}o$ Leopoldo (n=216), and Novo Hamburgo (n=82) were tested for CVL using immunochromatographic ($DPP^{(R)}$) and ELISA $EIE^{(R)}$ assays (2 assays officially adopted by the Brazilian government for the diagnosis of CVL) and real-time PCR to confirm the results. There was no agreement among serological and real-time PCR results, indicating that the Leishmania infection in asymptomatic animals with low parasite load, confirmed by negative parasitological tests (smears and parasite culture), need to be evaluated by molecular methods. The prevalence of LVC in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, confirmed by real-time PCR was 4% (5.6% in Canoas and 4.6% in $S\tilde{a}o$ Leopoldo). The use of molecular method is essential for accurate diagnosis of CVL, especially in asymptomatic dogs in non-endemic areas.

Keywords

References

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