Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Ego-resilience and Emotional Labor on Work-family Conflict among Middle-aged Female Workers

중년여성 근로자의 자아탄력성과 감정노동이 직장-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2017.08.07
  • Accepted : 2017.11.03
  • Published : 2017.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the effects of ego-resilience and emotional labor on work-family conflicts among middle-aged female workers. Data were collected through self-reported structured questionnaires of 148 middle-aged female workers from October 2, 2013 to April 10, 2014. The results suggest that the mean score of work-family conflict was 25.59 (SD=11.99) and there were significant differences in living arrangements (F=4.32, p=.015), monthly living expenses (r=.18, p=.028), and job satisfaction (F=6.33, p<.001) by work-family conflict. Work-family conflict was negatively related to ego-resilience (r=-.28 p=.001). Living arrangement (living with parents, children) (${\beta}=.29$, p=.045), monthly living expenses (${\beta}=.22$, p=.006), job satisfaction (${\beta}=-.20$, p=.015), and ego-resilience (${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of work-family conflict. This model explained about 19.0% of work-family conflict in middle-aged female workers (F=6.61 p<.001). Therefore, as a strategy to reduce the level of work-family conflict in middle-aged female workers, it is necessary to consider socioeconomic factors such as living arrangements and living expenses that affect work-family conflicts. Moreover, applying psychological intervention to improve job satisfaction and ego-resilience of middle-aged women in the working environment will help reduce work-family conflicts.

본 연구의목적은 중년여성 근로자의 자아탄력성과 감정노동이 직장-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위함이다. 자료 수집은 A, B, C시에 소재한 직장에 근무하는 정규직과 비정규직에 종사자하는 중년여성 148명을 대상으로 2013년 10월 2일부터 2014년 4월 10일까지 자가 보고식 설문조사로 시행되었다. 연구결과, 중년여성의 직장-가정 갈등은 25.59(SD=11.99) 점으로, 대상자의 직장-가정 갈등은 거주유형(F=4.32, p=.015), 생활비 지출(r=.18, p=.028), 직업만족도(F=6.33, p<.001)에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 직장-가정 갈등과 자아탄력성은 유의한 음의상관관계를 보였으며(r=-.28 p=.001), 부모, 자녀와 함께 사는 거주유형(${\beta}=.29$, p=.045), 생활비 지출(${\beta}=.22$, p=.006), 직업만족도(${\beta}=-.20$, p=.015), 자아탄력성(${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001)이 직장-가정 갈등에 유의한 영향을 주는 요인으로 약 19%의 설명력을 갖는 것으로 나타났다(F=6.61 p<.001). 그러므로 중년여성 근로자의 직장-가정 갈등의 수준을 감소하기 위한 전략으로, 직장-가정 갈등에 영향을 주는 거주유형 및 생활비 지출과 같은 사회경제적인 요인에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 또한 중년여성 근로자의 직업만족도 및 자아탄력성을 향상시킬 수 있는 직업 환경 내의 심리적인 중재의 적용이 중년여성의 직장-가정 갈등 감소에 도움이 될 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Statistics Korea. Women's Life in Statistics by 2017. Available From: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea
  2. E. A. Lee, H. J. Chung, "Individual and Family Variables related to Middle-aged Men's Psychological Crisis", Journal of Family Relations, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 301-329, 2007.
  3. Y. J. Kim, H. Hong "Factors related to the Quality of Life of Mid-old Age (over 45 years old and over) Working Women and Housewives", Korean Journal of Social Welfare Research, vol. 21, pp. 93-118, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13049/kfwa.2016.21.1.5
  4. O. H. Cho, K. S. Kim, "Psychological Well-being of Middle-aged Working Wives by relate Variables-focused on Personal, Family and Work relate Variables", Journal of Family Relations, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1-29, 2005.
  5. Y. H. Han, K. S. Park, "A Study on the Effects of the Characteristics of Middle Aged Women's Employment on the Quality of Life", Journal of Women Resources Development, vol. 11, pp. 11-37 2008.
  6. B. H. Lee, A. C. Park, K. H. Lee, "The Structural Relationships on the Family Income, Self-Esteem, Role Adaptations, and Identity Formation of the Married Mid-life Women; Focusing on Employed Women", Korean Journal of Education Psychology, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 103-120, 2010.
  7. J. Block, A. M. Kremen, "IQ and Ego-resiliency: Conceptual and Empirical Connections and Separateness", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 349-361, 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.349
  8. J. H. Han, B. J. Park, "Impact of the Family of Origin Health and Ego-resilience of Empty Nest Middle- aged Women on the Meaning of Life", The Study of Child-Family Therapy, vol. 15, pp. 103-118, 2017.
  9. J. Kim, J. Lee, "The Effect of Ego Identity and Resilience on Depression of Middle-aged woman", Social Science Review, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 103-130, 2017.
  10. A. R. Hochschild, "Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure", American Journal Work Environment Health, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 43-48, 1979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/227049
  11. M. E. Guy, M. A. Newman, "Women's Jobs, Men's Jobs: Sex Segregation and Emotional Labor", Public Administration Review, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 289-298, 2004. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x
  12. W. Kim, K. Y. Rhee, G. Lee, "Work Environment and Stress of Emotional Laborers", Korean Journal of Sociology, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 123-149, 2012.
  13. M. E. Guy, M. A. Newman "Women's Jobs, Men's Jobs: Sex Segregation and Emotional Labor", Public Administration Review, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 289-298, 2004. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x
  14. J. H. Greenhaus, N. J. Beutell, "Sources of Conflict between Work and Family Role", Academy of Management Journal, vol. 10, pp. 76-88, 1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/258214
  15. M. R. Frone, M Russell, M. L. Cooper, "Antecedents and Outcomes of Work-family Conflict: Testing a Model of the Work-Family Interface", Journal of Appled Psychology, vol. 77, pp. 65-78, 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.77.1.65
  16. T. Winter, E. Roos, O. Rahkonen, P. Martikainen, E. Lahelma, "Work-family Conflicts and Self-rated Health among Middle-aged Municipal Employees in Finland.", International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 276-285, 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm1304_2
  17. T. Lallukka, O. Rahkonen, E. Lahelma, S. Arber, "Sleep Complaints in Middle-aged Women and Men: The Contribution of Working Conditions and Work-family Conflicts", Journal of Sleep Research, vol. 19, pp. 466-477, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00821.x
  18. F. Faul, E. Erdfelder, A. G. Lang, A. Buchner, "G*POWER 3: A Flexible Statistical Power Analysis Program for the Social, Behavioral, and Biomedical Sciences", Behavior Research Methods, vol. 39, pp. 175-191, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
  19. R. G. Netemeyer, J. S. Boles, R. McMurrian, "Development and Validation of Work-family Conflict and Family-work Conflict Scales", Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 400-410, 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.400
  20. K. M. Connor, J. R. T. Davidson, "Development of a New Resilience Scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)", Depression and Anxiety, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 76-82, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
  21. L. Campbell-Sills, M. B. Stein, "Psychometric Analysis and Refinement of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC): Validation of a 10item Measure of Resilience", Journal of Traumatic Stress, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1019-1028, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20271
  22. Mann, S. "Achieving Frontline Communication Excellence: The Potential Cost to Health", IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 254-265, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/47.735367
  23. H. O. Jeon, M. H. Park, "Factors Influencing Job Involvement among Korean Female Office Workers by Marital Status", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, vol. 14, no. 10 pp. 4953-4961, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.10.4953
  24. K. B. Kim, M. S. Park, S. Sok, "A Study on Middle-aged People's Preparation for Old Age Life and Their Perception of Long-term Care Facilities", Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 480-494, 2008.
  25. M. S. Chung, "Resilience, Coping Methods, and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women", Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 345-354, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2011.20.4.345
  26. J. Kim, J. Lee. "The Effect of Ego Identity and Resilience on Depression of Middle-aged Woman", Social Science Review, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 103-130, 2017.
  27. C. L. Gulbrandsen, C. Walsh., "Aging and Resilience: Older Women's Responses to Change and Adversity", Societies, vol. 5, pp. 760-777, 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/soc5040760