한국조경학회지 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture)

  • 제45권5호
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  • Pages.42-59
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  • 2017
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  • 1225-1755(pISSN)
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  • 2288-9566(eISSN)
한국조경학회 (The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture)
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도시하천 제방사면에 식재한 몇몇 벼과식물의 활착 및 군락유지 특성

Characteristics of Rooting and Community Maintenance of Some Gramineae planted on Urban Stream Bank Slope

  • Yang, Hong-Mo (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2017.08.17
  • 심사 : 2017.09.27
  • 발행 : 2017.10.31
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초록

도시하천 제방사면의 벼과식물 활착과 군락형성 연구를 위해 2010년 10월 중순 물억새, 억새, 띠, 새를 줄떼식재하였다. 플라스틱 묘상(길이 60cm ${\times}$ 너비 30cm ${\times}$ 깊이 5cm)에 원예용상토를 4cm 깊이로 채우고 실험초종의 씨앗을 2010년 4월 하순 파종한 후 2010년 10월 초까지 형성된 뗏장을 너비 6cm ${\times}$ 길이 15cm ${\times}$ 두께 4cm로 잘라서 제방사면에 수평 폭 약 10~15cm 간격으로 심었다. 줄떼식재 후 군락형성을 유도하기 위해 2011년~2013년까지 3년간 매년 2회 잡초를 제거하였다. 실험초종 모두 2012년에 줄떼 간격의 빈 공간을 줄기가 상당부분 채워 초기군락이 형성되었으며, 2013년에는 줄떼 간격의 빈 공간을 거의 채워 군락이 형성되었다. 군락형성 후 2014년과 2015년은 잡초제거 없이 군락유지가 가능한지 관찰하였다. 2013년과 2014년의 줄기수간, 초장간 t-검정과, 2014년과 2015년의 줄기수간, 초장간 t-검정을 수행하였다. t-검정에는 5월, 7월, 9월에 조사한 줄기수와 초장을 활용하였다. 실험초종 모두 2014년의 줄기수와 초장이 2013년보다 줄어들어(p<0.001) 잡초의 피해를 입었다. 물억새, 억새, 띠는 2014년과 2015년의 줄기수와 초장에 차이가 없어(p>0.05) 군락형성 후 잡초제거 없이 군락이 유지되었으나, 새는 2015년의 줄기수와 초장이 2014년보다 현저히 줄어들어(p<0.001) 잡초의 피해가 커 군락유지가 어려웠다. 하천제방사면의 초본류 군락 형성과 유지의 관점에서 줄떼식재의 경우 물억새, 억새, 띠가 적합한 초종으로 나타났다. 실험기간 5년 매년 9월에 조사한 물억새, 억새, 띠, 새의 줄떼식재와 포트식재 간 줄기수와 초장의 t-검정에서, 줄기수는 줄떼식재가 포트식재보다 많았고(p<0.001), 초장은 포트식재가 줄떼식재보다 길었다(p<0.05). 줄기수가 상대적으로 많은 줄떼식재가 제방사면 유실보호 관점에서 포트식재보다 유리한 것으로 드러났다.

To investigate rooting and community forming ability, sod strips of Gramineae such as Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Benth., Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(Andersson) Rendle, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii(Retz.) Pilg., and Arundinella hirta(Thunb.) Tanaka were planted horizontally at a width of 10~15cm in October 2010 on the bank slope of Kwangju Stream in Korea. Seeds of each species were sown in April 2010 in plastic seedbeds(60cm length ${\times}$ 30cm width ${\times}$ 5cm depth) filled with 4cm of garden soil and grew until October 2010 to form rectangular sod, which then was cut into multiple strips(20cm length ${\times}$ 6cm width ${\times}$ 4cm root depth). Weeds growing on the experiment sites were removed twice a year until those four species had formed a community by 2013. Weeds were not eradicated during 2014 and 2015 to observe whether the community formation can be maintained without weed removal. t-tests on stem numbers and heights in May, July, and September were conducted between 2013 and 2014, and between 2014 and 2015. Stem numbers and heights of the four species in 2014 were significantly decreased(p<0.001) compared with those in 2013 due to weed damage to their growth in 2014. Stem numbers and heights of Miscanthus sacchariflorus(Maxim.) Benth., Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(Andersson) Rendle, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii(Retz.) Pilg. in 2015 were similar to those in 2014(p>0.05). Stem numbers and heights of Arundinella hirta(Thunb.) Tanaka in 2015, however, were significantly reduced compared with those in 2014(p<0.001) due to weed impact on its growth. After three years of weed removal, a community of each species was formed. Miscanthus sacchariflorus(Maxim.) Benth., Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(Andersson) Rendle, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii(Retz.) Pilg. were able to establish communities without any further weed removal. Arundinella hirta(Thunb.) Tanaka, however, was not able to maintain its community due to considerable damage to its growth caused by weeds even after three years of weed removal. Miscanthus sacchariflorus(Maxim.) Benth., Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(Andersson) Rendle, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii(Retz.) Pilg. are more suitable to sod strip plantings on stream bank slopes in terms of the maintenance of community formation without weed eradication. t-test on stem numbers and heights each September during the five year experiment period between sod strip planting and potted plants of the four species were conducted. Stem numbers of strip sod plantings were significantly higher(p<0.001) than those of potted one. Heights of strip sod plantings, however, were significantly lower(p<0.05) than those of the potted samples. Therefore, strip sod planting is more advantageous regarding bank slope erosion protection due to the higher number of stems.

키워드

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