DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Construction of Spatial Information and Growth Status of All Tree Individuals in the Gyerim Historical Site, Gyeongju

문화재로서 경주 계림 내 생육수목 현황 및 공간정보 구축 연구

  • Hong, Suk-Hwan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University) ;
  • An, Mi-Yeon (Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Rae-Yeol (Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University)
  • 홍석환 (부산대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 안미연 (부산대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 강래열 (부산대학교 대학원 조경학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.06
  • Accepted : 2017.04.24
  • Published : 2017.10.31

Abstract

This study was intended to provide management directions through the provision of tree spatial information as basic data for the preservation of Gyerim(legal historical site), which is located in Gyeongju city, Gyeonsangnam-do, Korea. As a result of the survey of the entire forest, there are a total of 25 species and 510 individuals growing trees. Of these species, 14 species are native and 14 are introduced species. Apart from Sophora japonica, Zelkova serrata, Celtis sinensis, most of the introduced species were adopted without historical basis after designation as a historical site. By a ratio of 36% to introduced species(including 3% of naturalized species; Ailanthus altissima), the historical heritage was significantly damaged. Gyerim, which has over 2,000 years of history, has a total 15 individuals(2.9%) large trees(over 100cm DBH). Ten of these are Salix glandulosa, and in the past, most of this area was considered a Salix glandulosa forest. Currently, however, there are many small trees(under 20cm DBH) for the next generation of growth and the Salix glandulosa forest will continue to decline. Furthermore, most small trees were afforested, so the historicity and place features as a mythological forest will quickly fade.

본 연구는 경상북도에 소재한 경주 계림(사적 제19호)을 대상으로 원형보전의 기본자료 구축을 위한 생육수목의 공간정보 구축과 관리방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 계림 내 생육하는 전체 수목에 대한 조사결과, 2015년 11월 현재 계림 내에는 총 25종 510개체의 수목이 생육하고 있었고, 이 중 자연적으로 생육하는 종은 14종이었으며, 식재종 또한 14종이었다. 식재종 중 회화나무와 느티나무, 버드나무를 제외한 수종들은 역사적으로 식재근거가 없는 종으로, 원형보전을 최우선으로 고려해야만 하는 문화재로 지정된 이후에 고증 없이 도입된 종이다. 이들 종의 개체수는 전체 계림에서 약 33%를 차지하였으며, 귀화종인 가죽나무까지 포함하면 36%를 넘는 비율로 이미 계림의 역사적 전통성은 상당부분 훼손되었다고 볼 수 있었다. 2000년 이상의 역사를 지닌 계림은 현재 흉고직경 100cm 이상의 대경목이 총 15주로 전체 수목의 2.9%를 차지하고 있었으며, 이 중 10주가 왕버들로 과거 대상지 대부분이 왕버들 군락지로 판단할 수 있었다. 그러나 현재 흉고직경 20cm 이하의 후대목은 전무한 상태로 향후 숲의 지속적인 쇠퇴가 예상되었다. 또한, 대부분 소경목은 식재된 수목이 차지하고 있어, 계림이 지닌 자연숲으로써의 역사성과 장소성이 급속히 퇴색될 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Han, B. H., J. W. Choi, T. H. Noh and J. S. Kim(2012) Vegetation distribution status and change for twenty four years(1986-2010) of Seunghwanglim(Forest), Wonju. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 26(5): 741-757.
  2. Hong, S. H., S. D. Lee and U. J. Lym(2009) Current conditions and preservation strategies for the forest genetic resource reserve, Galgye Forest, Geochang County in Korea. Journal of Korean Society for People, Plants, and Environment 12(5): 25-36.
  3. Hwang, J. H.(1999) A study on the locational and landscape characteristics and its meaning of the old forests in Kyongju. Journal of Gyeongju University 12: 443-464.
  4. Jang, D. S., H. B. Kim and J. H. Hwang(1996) A study on the transition of Kyungju City Forests. Journal of Korea Planning Association 31(3): 37-49.
  5. Kang, P. K.(2015) The recognition on trees and culture transformation in China and Korea - Focusing on Sophora and Zelkova Tree. Deagu Sahak 118: 113-142.
  6. Kim, J. W., J. C. Lim, S. Y. Hwang and J. A. Lee(2011) An eco-sociological review on the origin of relic forests in Korea: Case-studies on the Mansong-jeong of Andong, Karo-sup of Uiseong, Seongbaksup of Seongju, Sang-rim of Hamyang and Kye-rim of Gyeongju. Academia Koreana Symposium 167-214.
  7. Korea Forest Service(2015) Korean Plant Names Index. http://www.nature.go.kr/kpni/SubIndex.do(2016.7.1.)
  8. Lee, K. J., J. S. Kim, J. W. Choi and B. H. Han(2008) Vegetation structure of Abies holophylla forest near Woljeong Temple in Odaesan National Park. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 22(2): 173-183.
  9. Lee, S. D., C. Lee, D. W. Kim and J. S. Kim(2013) Ecological characteristics and management plan of Geumdangsil Pine Forest of Yecheon. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 27(6): 718-732. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2013.27.6.718
  10. Lim, W. H., J. H. You, H. G. Son and J. W. Kim(2009) Management by ecological characteristics and diagnosis of Wolseong in Gyeongjusi. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture 27(3): 39-48.
  11. Park, J. H.(2003) A Study on the Scientific Methods for the Preservation of Cultural Properties. Master's Thesis, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
  12. Park, J. H., T. Tamura and T. Yoshiki(2005) Relationship between distribution of Zelkova serrata and micro-landforms in a small hilly watershed around Sendai, Northeastern Japan. Journal of the Korea Geomorphological Association 12(1): 47-54.
  13. Park, S. S.(1998) Theoretical study of cultural assets through tourism resource. The Korean Tourism Information Society 2: 141-176.
  14. Song, J. S.(2008) A synecological study of the riverside vegetation of the upper stream of Nakdong river, Korea - Forest and shrub vegetation-. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 22(4): 443-452.