Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

  • 제55권5호
  • /
  • Pages.533-540
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 2982-5164(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1738-0006(eISSN)
대한기생충학·열대의학회 (The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Schistosoma mansoni Infection and Its Related Morbidity among Adults Living in Selected Villages of Mara Region, North-Western Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study

  • Mazigo, Humphrey D. (Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences) ;
  • Nuwaha, Fred (Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University) ;
  • Dunne, David W. (Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology & Parasitology, The University of, Tennis Court Road) ;
  • Kaatano, Godfrey M. (National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre) ;
  • Angelo, Tekla (National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre) ;
  • Kepha, Stella (National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre) ;
  • Kinung'hi, Safari M. (National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre)
  • 투고 : 2017.04.23
  • 심사 : 2017.09.14
  • 발행 : 2017.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Schistosoma mansoni is highly endemic in Tanzania and affects all age groups at different degrees. However, its control approach does not include adult individuals who are equally at risk and infected. To justify the inclusion of adult individuals in MDA programs in Tanzania, the present study focused on determining the prevalence of S. mansoni infection and its related morbidities among adult individuals. This was a cross sectional study conducted among 412 adult individuals aged 18-89 years living in selected villages of Rorya and Butiama districts located along the shoreline of the Lake Victoria. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and socio-economic information of participants. Ultrasonographic examinations were conducted for all study participants using the Niamey protocol. A single stool sample was obtained from all study participants and examined for S. mansoni using the Kato-Katz technique. The study revealed a high prevalence of S. mansoni (56.3%), and the majority of infected individuals had a light intensity of infection. Ultrasonographic findings revealed that 22.4% of adult individuals had periportal fibrosis (PPF) (grade C-F), with 18.4% having grade C and D and 4% having grade E and F. Males had the highest prevalence of PPF (31.7% vs 10.8%, P<0.001). Organomegaly was common with 28.5% and 29.6% having splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, respectively. S. mansoni infection and its related morbidities included PPF, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were common among adult individuals. To reduce the level of transmission of S. mansoni infection, planned mass drug administration campaigns should include adult individuals living in these villages.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Mazigo HD, Nuwaha F, Kinung'hi SM, Morona D, Pinot de Moira A, Wilson S, Heukelbach J, Dunne DW. Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 2012; 5: 274. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-274
  2. Rollinson D, Knopp S, Levitz S, Stothard JR, Tchuem Tchuente LA, Garba A, Mohammed KA, Schur N, Person B, Colley DG, Utzinger J. Time to set the agenda for schistosomiasis elimination. Acta Trop 2013; 128: 423-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.04.013
  3. Brooker S, Kabatereine NB, Smith JL, Mupfasoni D, Mwanje MT, Ndayishimiye O, Lwambo NJ, Mbotha D, Karanja P, Mwandawiro C, Muchiri E, Clements AC, Bundy DA, Snow RW. An updated atlas of human helminth infections: the example of East Africa. Int. J Health Geogr 2009: 8: 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-8-42
  4. Kardorff R, Gabone RM, Mugashe C, Obiga D, Ramarokoto CE, Mahlert C, Spannbrucker N, Lang A, Gunzler V, Gryseels B, Ehrich JH, Doehring E. Schistosoma mansoni-related morbidity on Ukerewe Island, Tanzania: clinical, ultrasonographical and biochemical parameters. Trop Med Int Health 1997; 2: 230-239. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-269.x
  5. Malenganisho WL Magnussen P, Friis H, Siza J, Kaatano G, Temu M, Vennervald BJ. Schistosoma mansoni morbidity among adults in two villages along Lake Victoria shores in Mwanza district, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2008; 102: 532-541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.03.006
  6. Mazigo HD, Dunne DW, Morona D, Lutufyo TE, Kinung'hi SM, Kaatano G, Nuwaha F. Periportal fibrosis, liver and spleen sizes among S. mansoni mono or co-infected individuals with human immunodeficiency virus-1 in fishing villages along Lake Victoria shores, North-Western, Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8: 260. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0876-4
  7. Kaatano GM, Min DY, Siza JE, Yong TS, Chai JY, Ko Y, Chang SY, Changalucha JM, Eom KS, Rim HJ. Schistosoma mansoni-related hepatosplenic morbidity in adult population on Kome Island, Sengerema district, Tanzania. Korean J Parasitol 2015; 53: 545-551. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.545
  8. Booth M, Vennervald BJ, Kabatereine NB, Kazibwe F, Ouma JH, Kariuki CH, Muchiri E, Kadzo H, Ireri E, Kimani G, Mwatha JK, Dunne DW. Hepatosplenic morbidity in two neighbouring communities in Uganda with high levels of Schistosoma mansoni infection but very different durations of residence. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2004; 98: 125-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(03)00018-X
  9. WHO Expert Committee. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2002; 912: 1-57.
  10. World Health Organisation: Soil-transmitted helminthiases. Eliminating soil-transmitted helminthiases as a public health problem in children: progress report 2001-2010 and strategic plan 2011-2020. 2012; World Health Organ; Geneva 2012.
  11. de Clercq D, Sacko M, Behnke J, Gilbert F, Vercruysse J. The relationship between Schistosoma haematobium infection and school performance and attendance in Bamako, Mali. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998; 92: 851-858. https://doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1998.11813350
  12. Jukes MC, Nokes CA, Alcock KJ, Lambo JK, Kihamia C, Ngorosho N, Mbise A, Lorri W, Yona E, Mwanri L, Baddeley AD, Hall A, Bundy DA, Partnership for Child Development. Heavy schistosomiasis associated with poor short-term memory and slower reaction times in Tanzanian schoolchildren. Trop Med Int Health 2002; 7: 104-117. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00843.x
  13. Njenga SM, Mwandawiro CS, Muniu E, Mwanje MT, Haji FM, Bockarie MJ. Adult population as potential reservoir of NTD infections in rural villages of Kwale district, Coastal Kenya: implications for preventive chemotherapy interventions policy. Parasit Vectors 2011; 4: 175. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-175
  14. Halwindi H, Magnussen P, Olsen A, Lisulo M. Potential contribution of adult populations to the maintenance of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections in the Siavonga and Mazabuka districts of Zambia. J Biosoc Sci 2016: 1-11.
  15. Munisi DZ, Buza J, Mpolya EA, Kinung'hi SM: Intestinal schistosomiasis among primary schoolchildren in two on-shore communities in Rorya district, northwestern Tanzania: prevalence, intensity of infection and associated risk factors. J Parasitol Res 2016; 2016: 1859737.
  16. National Bureau of Statistics. Tanzania national population and housing census, 2012. 2012.
  17. Mazigo HD, Dunne DW, Wilson S, Kinung'hi SM, Pinot de Moira A, Jones FM, Morona D, Nuwaha F. Co-infection with Schistosoma mansoni and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) among residents of fishing villages of north-western Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7: 587. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-014-0587-2
  18. Montresor A, Cong DT, Sinuon M, Tsuyuoka R, Chanthavisouk C, Strandgaard H, Velayudhan R, Capuano CM, Le Anh T, Tee Dato AS. Large-scale preventive chemotherapy for the control of helminth infection in Western Pacific countries: six years later. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2008; 2: e278. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000278
  19. Katz N, Chaves A, Pellegrino J. A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1972; 14: 397-400.
  20. Yazdanpanah Y, Thomas AK, Kardorff R, Talla I, Sow S, Niang M, Stelma FF, Decam C, Rogerie F, Gryseels B, Capron A, Doehring E. Organometric investigations of the spleen and liver by ultrasound in Schistosoma mansoni endemic and nonendemic villages in Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997; 57: 245-249. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1997.57.245
  21. Richter J, Hatz C, Campagne G, Bergquist N, Jenkins JM: Ultrasound in schistosomiasis: a practical guide to the standard use of ultrasonography for assessment of schistosomiasis-related morbidity: Second international workshop, October 22-26 1996, Niamey, Niger. Tropical Diseases Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2000.
  22. Mazigo HD, Waihenya R, Lwambo NJ, Mnyone LL, Mahande AM, Seni J, Zinga M, Kapesa A, Kweka EJ, Mshana SE, Heukelbach J, Mkoji GM. Co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum, Schistosoma mansoni and intestinal helminths among schoolchildren in endemic areas of northwestern Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 2010; 3: 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-3-44
  23. Lwambo NJ, Siza JE, Brooker S, Bundy DA, Guyatt H. Patterns of concurrent hookworm infection and schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1999; 93: 497-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(99)90349-8
  24. Magendantz M. The biology of Biomphalaria choanomphala and B. sudanica in relation to their role in the transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in Lake Victoria at Mwanza, Tanzania. Bull World Health Organ 1972; 47: 331-341.
  25. Kabatereine NB, Odongo-Aginya EI, Lakwo TL. Schistosoma mansoni along Lake Albert, Kibale District, western Uganda. East Afr Med J 1996; 73: 502-504.
  26. Scott JT, Diakhate M, Vereecken K, Fall A, Diop M, Ly A, De Clercq D, de Vlas SJ, Berkvens D, Kestens L, Gryseels B. Human water contacts patterns in Schistosoma mansoni epidemic foci in northern Senegal change according to age, sex and place of residence, but are not related to intensity of infection. Trop Med Int Health 2003; 8: 100-108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.00993.x
  27. Gazzinelli A, Bethony J, Fraga LA, LoVerde PT, Correa-Oliveira R, Kloos H. Exposure to Schistosoma mansoni infection in a rural area of Brazil. I. Water contact. Trop Med Int Health 2001; 6: 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00684.x
  28. Boisier P, Ramarokoto CE, Ravoniarimbinina P, Rabarijaona L, Ravaoalimalala VE. Geographic differences in hepatosplenic complications of schistosomiasis mansoni and explanatory factors of morbidity. Trop Med Int Health 2001; 6: 699-706. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00781.x
  29. Guyatt H, Gryseels B, Smith T, Tanner M. Assessing the public health importance of Schistosoma mansoni in different endemic areas: attributable fraction estimates as an approach. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995; 53: 660-667. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.660
  30. Butler JR, Bingham J. Demography and human-dog relationships of the dog population in Zimbabwe communal lands. Vet Rec 2000; 147: 442-446. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.147.16.442
  31. Butterworth AE, Curry AJ, Dunne DW, Fulford AJ, Kimani G, Kariuki HC, Klumpp R, Koech D, Mbugua G, Ouma JH. Immunity and morbidity in human schistosomiasis mansoni. Trop Geogr Med 1994; 46: 197-208.
  32. Gryseels B, Polderman AM. The morbidity of schistosomiasis mansoni in Maniema (Zaire). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1987; 81: 202-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(87)90215-X
  33. Gryseels B, Polderman AM. Morbidity, due to schistosomiasis mansoni, and its control in Subsaharan Africa. Parasitol Today 1991; 7: 244-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(91)90238-J
  34. Boisier P, Serieye J, Ravaoalimalala VE, Roux J, Esterre P. Ultrasonographical assessment of morbidity in schistosomiasis mansoni in Madagascar: a community-based study in a rural population. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1995; 89: 208-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90498-0
  35. Barakat R, Farghaly A, El Masry AG, El-Sayed MK, Hussein MH. The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Egypt: patterns of Schistosoma mansoni infection and morbidity in Kafer El-Sheikh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2000; 62 (suppl): 21-27. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.21
  36. Brooker S, Bethony J, Hotez PJ. Human hookworm infection in the 21st century. Adv Parasitol 2004; 58: 197-288.
  37. Mohamed-Ali Q, Elwali NE, Abdelhameed AA, Mergani A, Rahoud S, Elagib KE, Saeed OK, Abel L, Magzoub MM, Dessein AJ. Susceptibility to periportal (Symmers) fibrosis in human Schistosoma mansoni infections: evidence that intensity and duration of infection, gender, and inherited factors are critical in disease progression. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 1298-1306. https://doi.org/10.1086/314999

피인용 문헌

  1. Can Early Diagnosis of Varices, Regular Praziquantel, and Reduction of Hepatitis Coinfection Reduce Mortality among Patients Attended for Periportal Fibrosis in Northwestern Tanzania? A Case-Control S vol.2020, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5484315
  2. Morbidity and Mortality Due to Schistosoma mansoni Related Periportal Fibrosis: Could Early Diagnosis of Varices Improve the Outcome Following Available Treatment Modalities in Sub Saharan Africa? A vol.5, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010020
  3. Parasites of the liver – epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical management in the European context vol.75, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2021.02.015