Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Population Genetic Structure of the Korean Endemic Species, Iksookimia pacifica (Pisces: Cobitidae) Distributed in Northeast Korea

한국고유종 북방종개(어류강, 미꾸리과)의 집단유전학적 구조

  • Jang, Sook-Jin (Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Ko, Myeong-Hun (Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kwan, Ye-seul (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Won, Yong-Jin (Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University)
  • 장숙진 (이화여자대학교 에코크리에티브 협동과정) ;
  • 고명훈 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부) ;
  • 권예슬 (국립낙동강생물자원관) ;
  • 원용진 (이화여자대학교 에코크리에티브 협동과정)
  • Received : 2017.05.17
  • Accepted : 2017.09.11
  • Published : 2017.10.31
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Abstract

Population genetic studies of 10 groups of Iksookimia pacifica were conducted to investigate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure across its known range in South Korea. Population DNA sequences of one mitochondrial gene (mtCOI) and three nuclear genes (IRBP, EGR2B, RAG1) were examined in samples collected from ten streams that flow into the East Sea. Both mitochondrial and nuclear sequences exhibited significant differentiation among populations except a few cases. The Bayesian analysis of the multi-locus genotypes inferred from the DNA sequences of nuclear genes clustered the individual fish largely into two geographical groups: a northern group (from Baebong stream to Cheonjin stream) and a southern group (Yangyangnamdae stream to Gangneungnamdae stream). Given that the streams flowing into the East Sea are geographically isolated water systems, such separation of genotypes can be interpreted by the geographical separation of common ancestors into north and south that had colonized South Korea. Since the initial geographical separation of the ancestral population by north and south, the ancestral groups seem to have experienced further differentiation into the current genetic clusters through the physical isolation of streams by the East Sea in each region. It is notable that many individuals in the Jasan stream formed a genetic cluster with those of Yangyangnamdae and Gangneungnamdae streams which are distant from each other. In addition, mitochondrial gene showed low genetic differentiation between some neighboring populations and very low level of genetic diversity in several populations. The present population genetic study will provide valuable information for the conservation and management of the Korean endemic fish species, I. paicifica.

북방종개(Iksookimia pacifica)의 유전적 다양성과 구조적 특징을 밝히기 위해 동해 독립하천들에 서식하는 10개의 집단들을 대상으로 핵유전자와 미토콘드리아 유전자에 기반한 집단유전학적 분석을 실시하였다. 일부 예외적인 경우를 제외하고, 미토콘드리아와 핵유전자 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 집단 간 유전적 분화가 관찰되었다. 핵유전자들의 DNA 서열자료에서 추출한 유전자형 자료를 Bayesian 방법으로 분석한 결과 북방종개는 천진천과 양양남대천을 기준으로 북쪽과 남쪽의 두 개의 그룹으로 나뉘는 구조를 보였다. 현재 동해 하천들이 지리적으로 단절되어 온 독립 수계라는 것을 감안했을 때, 남북으로 구별되는 집단유전적 구조는 북방종개가 한반도에 정착했던 초기 조상 집단이 남북으로 갈라지는 지리적인 분리 사건과 관련되었을 것으로 해석되며, 이러한 초기 조상집단의 지리적 분리 이후, 두 조상그룹들은 남북의 지리적인 범위 내에서 하천 별 고립에 따른 추가적인 분화 과정을 거쳤을 것으로 추정된다. 주목할 점으론, 자산천 집단의 많은 개체들이 지리적 거리가 먼 양양남대천 및 강릉남대천 집단과 하나의 유전적 cluster를 형성하고 있는 것이다. 이와 함께 미토콘드리아 유전자의 경우 몇몇 이웃하는 집단들 사이에 현저히 낮은 유전적 분화도 그리고 일부 집단들에서 매우 낮은 유전적 다양성이 관찰되었다. 본 집단유전학적 결과는 향후 북방종개의 보존 및 관리를 위한 기초자료로 제시될 것이다.

Keywords

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