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Corrosion Stability of Iron Artifacts after Treating with Water Treatment

수처리제를 사용한 철제유물의 부식 안정성 연구

  • 정지해 (영남문화재연구원 보존처리팀)
  • Received : 2017.09.13
  • Accepted : 2017.10.20
  • Published : 2017.10.20

Abstract

Desalination is the main focus of the stabilization of iron artifacts. However, drawbacks such as re-corrosion are noted due to the uncertainty in the elimination of the corrosive factors and artifacts. Several studies have been carried out on the effects of corrosion inhibitors to overcome these shortcomings. In this study, the effects of type 3 water treatment on corrosion inhibitors were investigated. Surfaces of samples that contained film corrosion inhibitors on their surfaces were analyzed. The results revealed that the surface rust was removed from the sample of type 1 No. 2 that was mainly composed of phosphate. The average weight reduction rates of re-corrosion samples were 0.58, 0.03, and 0.07% for type 1 No. 2, type 2 No. 2, and type 3 No. 2 respectively. The changes in the $Cl^-$ ion, a corrosive agent were found to be 28.60, -4.08, and -1.94 ppm for type 1 No. 2, type 2 No. 2, and type 3 No. 2 respectively. The water-treated films were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that type 2 No. 2 had less Fe the basis metal, than that in type 3 No. 2 indicating much better film. Moreover, Si content was higher in type 2 No. 2, based on the silicate content, than in type 3 No. 2. They are speculated to be the reason or the formation of a better film. Type 1 No. 2, which is mainly composed of phosphate, would be inappropriate as a metal artifact conservation treatment. It was determined that type 2 No. 2 and type 3 No. 2 water treatments, which are mainly composed of silicate, provided excellent corrosion inhibiting effects. Corrosion inhibitors could be used as emergency treatment agents during the excavation of iron artifacts.

철제유물의 안정화처리는 탈염을 중점으로 하고 있으나, 부식인자 제거여부의 불확실성과 일부 유물의 제한적 적용 등으로 재부식과 같은 문제점이 지적되고 있다. 이를 보완하기 위한 부식억제제의 연구는 일부 보고된 바 있으며, 이 연구는 부식억제를 위한 수처리제 3종에 대한 연구결과이다. 부식억제제 피막이 형성된 시편의 표면관찰 결과 인산염이 주성분인 1종 2호의 시편은 표면의 녹층이 제거되었고, 재부식 시편의 중량 감소율 평균은 1종 2호의 경우 0.58%, 2종 2호의 경우 0.03%, 3종 2호의 경우 0.07%이며, 부식인자인 $Cl^-$ 이온의 변화량은 1종 2호는 28.60 ppm, 2종 2호는 -4.08 ppm, 3종 2호는 -1.94 ppm이었다. 수처리제의 피막에 대하여 XPS로 표면상태를 분석한 결과, 3종 2호보다 2종 2호에서 소지금속인 Fe가 낮게 검출되어 다소 우수한 피막을 유지하였고, Si함량에서도 규산염 기반의 2종 2호에서 상대적으로 함량이 높아 피막 형성이 우수하다고 판단된다. 인산염을 주성분으로 한 1종 2호는 표면의 녹층을 제거하여 금속유물 보존처리약품으로 부적합하고, 규산염을 주성분을 한 2종 2호와 3종 2호의 수처리제는 부식억제 효과가 우수하다고 평가된다. 부식억제제는 철제유물의 출토 당시에 긴급하게 사용할 수 있는 약품으로도 활용이 가능할 것이다.

Keywords

References

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