DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic performance of R/C structures under vertical ground motion

  • Bas, Selcuk (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bartin University) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Han (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Sevinc, Mukadder (Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Civil Engineering, Kirikkale University) ;
  • Kalkan, Ilker (Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Civil Engineering, Kirikkale University)
  • 투고 : 2017.02.17
  • 심사 : 2017.04.27
  • 발행 : 2017.10.25

초록

The effects of the vertical component of a ground motion on the earthquake performances of semi-ductile high-rise R/C structures were investigated in the present study. Linear and non-linear time-history analyses were conducted on an existing in-service R/C building for the loading scenarios including and excluding the vertical component of the ground motion. The ratio of the vertical peak acceleration to the horizontal peak acceleration (V/H) of the ground motion was adopted as the main parameter of the study. Three different near-source earthquake records with varying V/H ratio were used in the analyses. The linear time-history analyses indicated that the incorporation of the vertical component of a ground motion into analyses greatly influences the vertical deflections of a structure and the overturning moments at its base. The lateral deflections, the angles of rotation and the base shear forces were influenced to a lesser extent. Considering the key indicators of vertical deflection and overturning moments determined from the linear time-history analysis, the non-linear analyses revealed that the changes in the forces and deformations of the structure with the inclusion of the vertical ground motion are resisted by the shear-walls. The performances and damage states of the beams were not affected by the vertical ground motion. The vertical ground motion component of earthquakes is markedly concluded to be considered for design and damage estimation of the vertical load-bearing elements of the shear-walls and columns.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ambraseys, N.N. and Douglas, J. (2003), "Effect of vertical ground motions on horizontal response of structures", J. Struct. Stab. Dyn., 3(2), 227-265. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455403000902
  2. Ambraseys, N.N. and Simpson, K.A. (1996), "Prediction of vertical response spectra in Europe", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 25(4), 401-412. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199604)25:4<401::AID-EQE551>3.0.CO;2-B
  3. American Society of Civil Engineer (ASCE), (2014), SEI 41-13, Index: Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings, U.S.A.
  4. Bozorgnia, Y. and Campbell, K.W. (2004), "The vertical-to-horizontal response spectral ratio and tentative procedures for developing simplified V/H and vertical design spectra", J. Earthq. Eng., 8(2), 175-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460409350486
  5. Bozorgnia, Y., Mahin, S.A. and Brady, A.G. (1998), "Vertical response of twelve structures recorded during the Northridge earthquake", Earthq. Spectr., 14(3), 411-432. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586008
  6. Bureau of Indian Standards (2000), IS: 1893, Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, New Delhi, India.
  7. CEN European Committee for Standardization (1998), Eurocode-8, Design Provisions for Earthquake Resistance of Structures-Part 5: Foundations, Retaining Structures and Geotechnical Aspects, Brussels, Belgium.
  8. Chopra, A.K. and McKenna, F. (2016), "Modeling viscous damping in nonlinear response history analysis of buildings for earthquake excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 45(2), 193-211. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2622
  9. Collier, C. and Elnashai A.S. (2001), "A procedure for combining vertical and horizontal seismic action effects", J. Earthq. Eng., 5(4), 521-539. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460109350404
  10. Computers and Structures Inc (2014), SAP2000v17 Integrated Structural Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures, Berkeley, U.S.A.
  11. Elgamal, A. and He, L. (2004), "Vertical earthquake ground motion records: An overview", J. Earthq. Eng., 8(5), 663-697. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460409350505
  12. Elnashai, A.S. and Papazoglou, A.J. (1997), "Procedure and spectra for analysis of RC structures subjected to strong vertical earthquake loads", J. Earthq. Eng., 1(1), 121-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469708962364
  13. Ghaffarzadeh, H. and Nazeri, A. (2015), "The effect of the vertical excitation on horizontal response of structures", Earthq. Struct., 9(3), 625-637. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.3.625
  14. Imbsen Software Systems (2004), XTRACT: Cross Section Analysis Program of Structural Engineers, U.S.A.
  15. International Council of Building Officials (1997), UBC (1997), Uniform Building Code, U.S.A.
  16. Jeon, J.S., Shafieezadeh, A., Lee, D.H., Choi, E. and DesRoches, R. (2015), "Damage assessment of older highway bridges subjected to three-dimensional ground motions: Characterization of shear-axial force interaction on seismic fragilities", Eng. Struct., 87, 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.01.015
  17. Kim, M.H. and Kim S.J. (2013), "Characteristics of vertical ground motion and its effect on the response of 3-story RC building", J. Kor. Soc. Hazard Mitigat., 13(2), 23-29.
  18. Mazza, F. and Alesina, F. (2017). "Effects of site condition in near-fault area on the nonlinear response of fire-damaged base-isolated structures", Eng. Struct., 111, 297-311.
  19. Mazza, F. and Rodolfo, L. (2017), "Structural and non-structural intensity measures for the assessment of base-isolated structures subjected to pulse-like near-fault earthquakes", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 96, 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.02.013
  20. Mazza, F. and Vulcano, A. (2012), "Effects of near-fault ground motions on the nonlinear dynamic response of base-isolated r.c. framed buildings", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 41(2), 211-232. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1126
  21. Mazza, F., Mazza, M. and Vulcano, A. (2017), "Nonlinear response of R.C. framed buildings retrofitted by different base-isolation systems under horizontal and vertical components of near-fault earthquakes", Earthq. Struct., 12(1), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.135
  22. Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (1994), NBC105, Nepal National Building Code, Babar Mahal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  23. Ministry of Public Work and Settlement (2007), TEC (2007), Specification for Buildings to be Built in Earthquake Zones, Ankara, Turkey.
  24. Papazoglou, A.J. and Elnashai, A.S. (1996), "Analytical and field motion", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 25(10), 1109-1137. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199610)25:10<1109::AID-EQE604>3.0.CO;2-0
  25. Rayleigh, L. (1945), Theory of Sound 1, Dover, New York, U.S.A.
  26. The New Zealand Standards Institute (2004), NZS1170.5, Structural Design Actions Part 5: Earthquake Actions, Wellington, New Zealand.
  27. Wilson, T., Chen, S. and Mahmoud, H. (2015), "Analytical case study on the seismic performance of a curved and skewed reinforced concrete bridge under vertical ground motion", Eng. Struct., 100, 128-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.06.017
  28. Yu, J. and Liu X. (2016), "The influence of vertical ground motion on the seismic behavior of RC frame with construction joints", Earthq. Struct., 11(3), 407-420. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.3.407