DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Contemporary Koreans' Perceptions of Facial Beauty

  • Received : 2017.01.21
  • Accepted : 2017.06.27
  • Published : 2017.09.15

Abstract

Background This article aims to investigate current perceptions of beauty of the general public and physicians without a specialization in plastic surgery performing aesthetic procedures. Methods A cross-sectional and interviewing questionnaire was administered to 290 people in Seoul, South Korea in September 2015. The questionnaire addressed three issues: general attitudes about plastic surgery (Q1), perception of and preferences regarding Korean female celebrities' facial attractiveness (Q2), and the relative influence of each facial aesthetic subunit on overall facial attractiveness. The survey's results were gathered by a professional research agency and classified according to a respondent's gender, age, and job type ($95%{\pm}5.75%$ confidence interval). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 10.1, calculating one-way analysis of variance with post hoc analysis and Tukey's t-test. Results Among the respondents, 38.3% were in favor of aesthetic plastic surgery. The most common source of plastic surgery information was the internet (50.0%). The most powerful factor influencing hospital or clinic selection was the postoperative surgical results of acquaintances (74.9%). We created a composite face of an attractive Korean female, representing the current facial configuration considered appealing to the Koreans. Beauty perceptions differed to some degree based on gender and generational differences. We found that there were certain differences in beauty perceptions between general physicians who perform aesthetic procedures and the general public. Conclusions Our study results provide aesthetic plastic surgeons with detailed information about contemporary Korean people's attitudes toward and perceptions of plastic surgery and the specific characteristics of female Korean faces currently considered attractive, plus trends in these perceptions, which should inform plastic surgeons within their specialized fields.

Keywords

References

  1. Ha JF, Longnecker N. Doctor-patient communication: a review. Ochsner J 2010;10:38-43.
  2. Berneburg M, Dietz K, Niederle C, et al. Changes in esthetic standards since 1940. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;137:450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.11.008
  3. Korean Standard Statistical Classification [Internet]. Daejeon: Statistics Korea; 2007 [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://kssc.kostat.go.kr/ksscNew_web/ekssc/main/main.do.
  4. Rhee SC, Lee SH. Attractive composite faces of different races. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2010;34:800-1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-010-9606-7
  5. Nomura M, Motegi E, Hatch JP, et al. Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African judges for soft-tissue profiles. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;135(4 Suppl):S87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.02.019
  6. Cunningham MR, Roberts AR, Barbee AP, et al. “Their ideas of beauty are, on the whole, the same as ours”: consistency and variability in the cross-cultural perception of female physical attractiveness. J Personal Soc Psychol 1995; 68:261-79. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.68.2.261
  7. Chin Evans P, McConnell AR. Do racial minorities respond in the same way to mainstream beauty standards? Social comparison processes in Asian, Black, and White women. Self Identity 2003;2:153-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309030
  8. Poran MA. Denying diversity: perceptions of beauty and social comparison processes among Latina, Black, and White women. Sex Roles 2002;47:65-81. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020683720636
  9. Duggal S, Kapoor DN, Verma S, et al. Photogrammetric analysis of attractiveness in Indian faces. Arch Plast Surg 2016;43:160-71. https://doi.org/10.5999/aps.2016.43.2.160
  10. Tambone V, Barone M, Cogliandro A, et al. How you become who you are: a new concept of beauty for plastic surgery. Arch Plast Surg 2015;42:517-20. https://doi.org/10.5999/aps.2015.42.5.517
  11. Choi J. Cosmetic surgery: is it science or art? Arch Plast Surg 2015;42:672-4. https://doi.org/10.5999/aps.2015.42.5.672
  12. Gallup Korea. Investigation on Korean perception of appearance and plastic surgery [Internet]. Seoul: Gallup Korea; 2015 [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=656.
  13. Frame J. Global plastic surgery hotspots [Internet]. London: Independent; 2016 [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/global-plastic-surgery-hotspots-a7072381.html.
  14. The Economist. Plastic makes perfect. Where is most plastic surgery performed? [Internet] London: The Economist; 2013 [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2013/01/daily-chart-22?fsrc= scn/fb/dc/plasticsurgery.
  15. ISAPS international survey on aesthetic/cosmetic: procedures performed in 2015 [Internet]. Hanover: ISAPS; 2016 [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.isaps.org/Media/Default/global-statistics/2016%20ISAPS%20 Results.pdf.
  16. Galanis C, Sanchez IS, Roostaeian J, et al. Factors influencing patient interest in plastic surgery and the process of selecting a surgeon. Aesthet Surg J 2013;33:585-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090820X13481228
  17. Jejurikar SS, Rovak JM, Kuzon WM Jr, et al. Evaluation of plastic surgery information on the Internet. Ann Plast Surg 2002;49:460-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-200211000-00003
  18. Zuk G, Palma AF, Eylert G, et al. Systematic review of quality of patient information on liposuction in the internet. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2016;4:e759. https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000000798
  19. Wheeler CK, Said H, Prucz R, et al. Social media in plastic surgery practices: emerging trends in North America. Aesthet Surg J 2011;31:435-41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090820X11407483
  20. Rhee SC. The average Korean attractive face. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2006;30:729-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-006-0157-x
  21. Yoon YI, Lee DL, Yoo JS, et al. A study on preferred morphologic feature and proportion of facial aesthetic subunit by Korean general public. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 2010;37:351-60.
  22. Lee HB, Lee SH, Kim JS, et al. Evaluation of influence of individual facial aesthetic subunits on the congnition of facial attractiveness in public. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 2010;37:361-8.

Cited by

  1. The Rules of Attractiveness: A Study on the Lower Facial Third vol.29, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000005051