Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Changes in Biomass of Salix subfragilis and S. chaenomeloides with Stand Ages in a Riparian Zone of a Sand-bed Stream

하천 하안대에서 입지 연령에 따른 선버들과 왕버들의 생물량 변화

  • Received : 2017.09.11
  • Accepted : 2017.09.18
  • Published : 2017.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Willow plants are representative biomaterials used in river restoration and main target trees in stream managements. In order to understand the changes in the growth of Salix subfragilis and S. chaenomeloides with their stand ages, we investigated the density, height and basal area of stems and biomass at their different aged stands of the riparian zone of the sand-bed stream, the Nakdong River, Korea. We also developed allometric equations for estimating the biomass of these two species by establishing the relationship between diameter at breadth height and tree height with above-ground biomass. The stem density showed a sharp decrease for 3 years after germination for S. subfragilis and 6 years for S. chaenomeloides, resulting in strong self-thinning. The stem height of the two species increased to 7.5 m in 15 years for S. subfragilis, and to 14 m in 13 years for S. chaenomeloides. Aboveground biomass also increased rapidly at the early stage of growth. The biomass increased to 17 ton DM/ha in 13 years for S. subfragilis and to 1,110 ton DM / ha in 13 years for S. chaenomeloides. It is expected that the allometric equations of two Salix species derived from this study will be applied to the objectively estimating the biomass of willow plants for the management of floodplain trees in streams.

버드나무 속 식물은 하천 복원시 사용되는 대표적인 생물재료이고 하천에서 주요 관리대상이 되는 식물이다. 낙동강의 모래하천 하안에서 선버들과 왕버들의 수령에 따른 생장 변화를 파악하기 위하여, 이들의 생물량 추정을 위한 상대생장식을 유도하고 입지 연령에 다른 이들 군집에서 밀도, 줄기 높이, 기저면적 및 생물량을 조사하였다. 선버들은 발아한 후 3년과 왕버들은 6년까지 줄기 밀도가 급격하게 감소하여 자기 솎음이 강하게 일어났다. 두 식물의 줄기 높이는 선버들은 수령 15년에 7.5 m까지 왕버들은 수령 13년에 14 m까지 증가하였다. 또한 지상부 생물량은 생장초기에 급속히 증가하였으며 선버들은 수령 13년에 17 ton DM/ha까지 왕버들은 수령 13년에 1,110 ton DM/ha까지 증가하였다. 한편 본 연구에서 유도된 버드나무 속 식물의 상대생장식을 이용하면 이들 식물의 생물량을 객관적으로 추정할 수 있어서 하천에서 수목 관리하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aylott, M.J., Casella, E. Tubby, I., Street, N.R., Smith, P., and Taylor, G. 2008. Yield and spatial supply of bioenergy poplar and willow short-rotation coppice in the UK. New Phytologist 178(2): 358-370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02396.x
  2. Jo, H.J., Choe, H.G., and Lee, T.Y. 2002. A physical model test of flood level changes by the vegetation on the floodplain of urban river. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 35(2): 203-211. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2002.35.2.203
  3. Han, D., Yoo, J.-W., Yoo, Y., Lee, E., and Park, S. 2010a. Aboveground primary productivity of Salix nipponica and secondary productivity of Sesarma dehaani at Janghang Wetland in Han River Estuary. Korean Journal of Limnology 43: 298-306. (in Korean)
  4. Han, S.J., Kim, H.W., Kim, H.R., Kim, H.J., Han, D.U., Park, S.K., and You, Y.H. 2010b. Net primary production, annual accumulation of organic carbon and leaf decomposition in Salix plant community. Journal of Wetlands Research 12(1): 15-22. (in Korean)
  5. Hong, S.B. 2005. A research for shorebirds on the southernmost of Nakdong estuary. The Korean Journal of Ecology 28(4): 199-206. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2005.28.4.199
  6. Karrenberg, S., Edwards, P.J., and Kollmann, J. 2002. The life history of Salicaceae living in the active zone of floodplains. Freshwater Biology 47(4): 733-748. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00894.x
  7. Kim, C.-S., Lee, P.-H., and Oh, K.-h. 1999. Productivity and production structure of Salix nipponica. Journal of Wetlands Research 1: 61-69. (in Korean)
  8. Kim, E.J., Cho, K.H., and Kang, J.G. 2014a. The Study of correlation between riparian environment and vegetation distribution in Nakdong River. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 47(4): 321-330. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2014.47.4.321
  9. Kim, H, Shin, B., and Kim, W. 2014b. A Study on hydromorphology and vegetation features depending on typology of natural streams in Korea. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 28: 215-223. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2014.28.2.215
  10. Kim, T.-G., Lee, P.-H., and Oh, K.-h. 2007. The actual vegetation map, standing crop biomass and primary productivity of Salix spp. in the Upo Wetland. Journal of Wetlands Research 9: 33-43. (in Korean)
  11. Lee, Y.-K. 2004. Syntaxonomy and Synecology of the Riparian Vegetation in South Korea. Ph.D. Dissertation, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea. (in Korean)
  12. McInerney, P.J., Rees, G.N., Gawne, B., Suter, P., Watson, G., and Stoffels, R.J. 2016. Invasive willows drive instream community structure. Freshwater Biology 61(9): 1379-1391. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12778
  13. Niiyama, K. 2008. Coexistence of Salix species in a seasonally flooded habitat. In, Sakio, H. and Tamura, T. (eds.), Ecology of Riparian Forests in Japan: Disturbance, Life History, and Regeneration. Springer, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 165-174.
  14. Noh, J.W., Lee, J.Y., and Ahn, K.H. 2011. Application of three-dimensional model to evaluate stream discharge capacity due to vegetation. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 20(1): 37-48. (in Korean)
  15. Rood, S.B., Goater, L.A., Gill, K.M., and Braatne, J.H. 2011. Sand and sandbar willow: a feedback loop amplifies environmental sensitivity at the riparian interface. Oecologia 165(1): 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1758-2
  16. Shields Jr, F.D., Cooper, C.M., and Knight, S.S. 1995. Experiment in stream restoration. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 121(6): 494-502. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1995)121:6(494)
  17. Woo, H. and Park, M. 2016. Cause-based categorization of the riparian vegetative recruitment and corresponding research direction. Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure 3: 207-211. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.17820/eri.2016.3.3.207
  18. Woo, H., Park, M., Cho, K.-H., Cho, H., and Chung, S. 2010. Recruitment and succession of riparian vegetation in alluvial river regulated by upstream dams - focused on the Nakdong River downstream Andong and Imha Dams -. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 43(5): 455-469. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.5.455