References
- Chen JJ, Manning MA, Frazier AA, Jeudy J, White CS. CT angiography of the cardiac valves: normal, diseased, and postoperative appearances. Radiographics 2009;29:1393-1412 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.295095002
- Shanks M, Delgado V, Ng AC, van der Kley F, Schuijf JD, Boersma E, et al. Mitral valve morphology assessment: three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography versus computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg 2010;90:1922-1929 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.06.116
- Delgado V, Tops LF, Schuijf JD, de Roos A, Brugada J, Schalij MJ, et al. Assessment of mitral valve anatomy and geometry with multislice computed tomography. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2009;2:556-565 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.12.025
- Kim YJ, Yong HS, Kim SM, Kim JA, Yang DH, Hong YJ, et al. Korean guidelines for the appropriate use of cardiac CT. Korean J Radiol 2015;16:251-285 https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2015.16.2.251
- Dal-Bianco JP, Levine RA. Anatomy of the mitral valve apparatus: role of 2D and 3D echocardiography. Cardiol Clin 2013;31:151-164 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2013.03.001
- Levine RA, Handschumacher MD, Sanfilippo AJ, Hagege AA, Harrigan P, Marshall JE, et al. Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction of the mitral valve, with implications for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. Circulation 1989;80:589-598 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.80.3.589
- McCarthy KP, Ring L, Rana BS. Anatomy of the mitral valve: understanding the mitral valve complex in mitral regurgitation. Eur J Echocardiogr 2010;11:i3-i9 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejechocard/jeq153
- Kaplan SR, Bashein G, Sheehan FH, Legget ME, Munt B, Li XN, et al. Three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of annular shape changes in the normal and regurgitant mitral valve. Am Heart J 2000;139:378-387 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(00)90077-2
- Watanabe N, Ogasawara Y, Yamaura Y, Wada N, Kawamoto T, Toyota E, et al. Mitral annulus flattens in ischemic mitral regurgitation: geometric differences between inferior and anterior myocardial infarction: a real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic study. Circulation 2005;112 (9 Suppl):I458-I462
- Fedak PW, McCarthy PM, Bonow RO. Evolving concepts and technologies in mitral valve repair. Circulation 2008;117:963-974 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.702035
- Ormiston JA, Shah PM, Tei C, Wong M. Size and motion of the mitral valve annulus in man. I. A two-dimensional echocardiographic method and findings in normal subjects. Circulation 1981;64:113-120 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.64.1.113
- Puff A. Ischemic mitral incompetence. New York: Springer, 1991
- Angelini A, Ho SY, Thiene G, Anderson RH. Anatomy of the mitral valve. In: Boudoulas H, Wooley CF, eds. Mitral valve: floppy mitral valve, mitral valve prolapse, mitral valvular regurgitation, 2nd ed. New York: Futura Publishing Company, 2000:5-29
- Carpentier AF, Lessana A, Relland JY, Belli E, Mihaileanu S, Berrebi AJ, et al. The "physio-ring": an advanced concept in mitral valve annuloplasty. Ann Thorac Surg 1995;60:1177-1185; discussion 1185-1186 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(95)00753-8
- Lam JH, Ranganathan N, Wigle ED, Silver MD. Morphology of the human mitral valve. I. Chordae tendineae: a new classification. Circulation 1970;41:449-458 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.41.3.449
- Degandt AA, Weber PA, Saber HA, Duran CM. Mitral valve basal chordae: comparative anatomy and terminology. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;84:1250-1255 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.05.008
- Rusted IE, Scheifley CH, Edwards JE. Studies of the mitral valve. I. Anatomic features of the normal mitral valve and associated structures. Circulation 1952;6:825-831 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.6.6.825
- Mahmood F, Subramaniam B, Gorman JH 3rd, Levine RM, Gorman RC, Maslow A, et al. Three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of changes in mitral valve geometry after valve repair. Ann Thorac Surg 2009;88:1838-1844 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.07.007
- Muresian H. The clinical anatomy of the mitral valve. Clin Anat 2009;22:85-98 https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.20692
- Noack T, Kiefer P, Ionasec R, Voigt I, Mansi T, Vollroth M, et al. New concepts for mitral valve imaging. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2013;2:787-795
- Jensen H, Jensen MO, Smerup MH, Vind-Kezunovic S, Ringgaard S, Andersen NT, et al. Impact of papillary muscle relocation as adjunct procedure to mitral ring annuloplasty in functional ischemic mitral regurgitation. Circulation 2009;120(11 Suppl):S92-S98 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.817833
- Carpentier A. Cardiac valve surgery--the "French correction". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1983;86:323-337
- Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP 3rd, Guyton RA, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014;148:e1-e132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.05.014
- Zhou YX, Leobon B, Berthoumieu P, Roux D, Glock Y, Mei YQ, et al. Long-term outcomes following repair or replacement in degenerative mitral valve disease. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;58:415-421
- Goldstone AB, Woo YJ. Surgical treatment of the mitral valve. In: Sellke FW, del Nido PJ, Swanson SJ, eds. Sabiston and Spencer surgery of the chest, 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2016:1384-1429
- von Oppell UO, Mohr FW. Chordal replacement for both minimally invasive and conventional mitral valve surgery using premeasured Gore-Tex loops. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;70:2166-2168 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02047-6
- David TE, Omran A, Armstrong S, Sun Z, Ivanov J. Longterm results of mitral valve repair for myxomatous disease with and without chordal replacement with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene sutures. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998;115:1279-1285; discussion 1285-1286 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70210-7
- Braunberger E, Deloche A, Berrebi A, Abdallah F, Celestin JA, Meimoun P, et al. Very long-term results (more than 20 years) of valve repair with Carpentier's techniques in nonrheumatic mitral valve insufficiency. Circulation 2001;104(12 Suppl 1):I8-I11 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.104.suppl_1.I-8
- Zegdi R, Khabbaz Z, Chauvaud S, Latremouille C, Fabiani JN, Deloche A. Posterior leaflet extension with an autologous pericardial patch in rheumatic mitral insufficiency. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;84:1043-1044 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.12.058
- van Herwerden LA, Taams MA, Bos E. Repair of commissural prolapse by extended leaflet sliding. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;57:387-390 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(94)91002-2
- Cosgrove DM 3rd, Arcidi JM, Rodriguez L, Stewart WJ, Powell K, Thomas JD. Initial experience with the Cosgrove-Edwards Annuloplasty System. Ann Thorac Surg 1995;60:499-503; discussion 503-504 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(95)00458-W
- Kim JH, Kim KH, Choi JB, Kuh JH. Posterior mitral annuloplasty for enhancing mitral leaflet coaptation: using a strip designed for placement in the posterior annulus. J Cardiothorac Surg 2015;10:164 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-015-0350-6
- Song MG, Shin JK, Chee HK, Kim JS, Yang HS, Choi JB. Lifting posterior mitral annuloplasty for enhancing leaflet coaptation in mitral valve repair: midterm outcomes. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2015;4:249-256
- Koo HJ, Yang DH, Oh SY, Kang JW, Kim DH, Song JK, et al. Demonstration of mitral valve prolapse with CT for planning of mitral valve repair. Radiographics 2014;34:1537-1552 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.346130146
- Salis S, Mazzanti VV, Merli G, Salvi L, Tedesco CC, Veglia F, et al. Cardiopulmonary bypass duration is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2008;22:814-822 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2008.08.004
- Feuchtner GM, Alkadhi H, Karlo C, Sarwar A, Meier A, Dichtl W, et al. Cardiac CT angiography for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse: comparison with echocardiography. Radiology 2010;254:374-383 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2541090393
- Shah RG, Novaro GM, Blandon RJ, Wilkinson L, Asher CR, Kirsch J. Mitral valve prolapse: evaluation with ECG-gated cardiac CT angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010;194:579-584 https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.09.2545
- Beaudoin J, Thai WE, Wai B, Handschumacher MD, Levine RA, Truong QA. Assessment of mitral valve adaptation with gated cardiac computed tomography: validation with threedimensional echocardiography and mechanistic insight to functional mitral regurgitation. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:784-789 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.113.000561
- Morris MF, Maleszewski JJ, Suri RM, Burkhart HM, Foley TA, Bonnichsen CR, et al. CT and MR imaging of the mitral valve: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2010;30:1603-1620 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.306105518
- Chheda SV, Srichai MB, Donnino R, Kim DC, Lim RP, Jacobs JE. Evaluation of the mitral and aortic valves with cardiac CT angiography. J Thorac Imaging 2010;25:76-85 https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0b013e31819d12b1
- Pham N, Zaitoun H, Mohammed TL, DeLaPena-Almaguer E, Martinez F, Novaro GM, et al. Complications of aortic valve surgery: manifestations at CT and MR imaging. Radiographics 2012;32:1873-1892 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.327115735
- Guo YK, Yang ZG, Ning G, Rao L, Dong L, Pen Y, et al. Isolated mitral regurgitation: quantitative assessment with 64-section multidetector CT--comparison with MR imaging and echocardiography. Radiology 2009;252:369-376 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2522081714
- Suh YJ, Kim YJ, Hong YJ, Lee HJ, Hur J, Im DJ, et al. Measurement of opening and closing angles of aortic valve prostheses in vivo using dual-source computed tomography: comparison with those of manufacturers' in 10 different types. Korean J Radiol 2015;16:1012-1023 https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2015.16.5.1012
- Halpern EJ. Clinical applications of cardiac CT angiography. Insights Imaging 2010;1:205-222 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-010-0038-3
- Salgo IS, Gorman JH 3rd, Gorman RC, Jackson BM, Bowen FW, Plappert T, et al. Effect of annular shape on leaflet curvature in reducing mitral leaflet stress. Circulation 2002;106:711-717 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000025426.39426.83
- Bouma W, Aoki C, Vergnat M, Pouch AM, Sprinkle SR, Gillespie MJ, et al. Saddle-shaped annuloplasty improves leaflet coaptation in repair for ischemic mitral regurgitation. Ann Thorac Surg 2015;100:1360-1366 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.03.096
- Gillinov AM, Cosgrove DM 3rd, Shiota T, Qin J, Tsujino H, Stewart WJ, et al. Cosgrove-Edwards Annuloplasty System: midterm results. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69:717-721 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01543-X
Cited by
- Utility of Cardiac CT for Preoperative Evaluation of Mitral Regurgitation: Morphological Evaluation of Mitral Valve and Prediction of Valve Replacement vol.20, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2018.0350
- Cardiovascular imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of rheumatic heart disease vol.325, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.049