DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optical Signals Using Superposition of Optical Receiver Modes

  • Lee, Jae Seung (Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University)
  • Received : 2016.10.06
  • Accepted : 2017.06.29
  • Published : 2017.08.25

Abstract

A particular optical receiver has its own optical receiver modes (ORMs) determined by its optical and electrical filters. Superposing the ORM waveforms at the transmitter, we can generate a new type of optical signals, called ORM signals. After optical detection, they produce pre-specified voltage waveforms accurately, which is advantageous for digital signal processing. Assuming a Gaussian optical receiver, where the optical and electrical filters are Gaussian, we illustrate various phase-shift keying ORM signals using two ORMs by changing their relative phase. We also illustrate multi-level ORM signal patterns using two or more ORMs.

Keywords

References

  1. G. Keiser, Optical fiber communications, 3rd ed., (McGraw-Hill, 2000).
  2. I. P. Kaminow, T. Li, and A. E. Willner, Optical fiber telecommunications V-B, Systems and Networks, 5th ed. (Elsevier Inc., 2008).
  3. J. Armstrong, "OFDM for optical communications," J. Lightw. Technol. 27, 189-204 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2008.2010061
  4. P. J. Winzer, "High-spectral-efficiency optical modulation formats," J. Lightw. Technol. 30, 3824-3835 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2012.2212180
  5. J. H. Ke, Y. Gao, and J. C. Cartledge, "400 Gbit/s singlecarrier and 1 Tbit/s three-carrier superchannel signals using dual polarization 16-QAM with look-up table correction and optical pulse shaping," Opt. Express 22(1), 71-83 (2013).
  6. I. Lyubomirsky and W. A. Ling, "Digital QAM modulation and equalization for high performance 400 GbE data center modules," in "OFC/NFOEC" (2014).
  7. A. Rezania and J. C. Cartledge, "Transmission performance of 448 Gb/s single-carrier and 1.2 Tb/s three-carrier superchannel using dual-polarization 16-QAM with fixed LUT based MAP detection," J. Lightw. Technol. 33(23), 4738-4745 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2015.2467187
  8. K. Kikuchi, "Fundamentals of coherent optical fiber communications," J. Lightw. Technol. 34, 157-179 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2015.2463719
  9. C. Zhu, B. Song, B. Corcoran, L. Zhuang, and A. J. Lowery, "Improved polarization dependent loss tolerance for polarization multiplexed coherent optical systems by polarization pairwise coding," Opt. Express 23(21), 27434-27447 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.027434
  10. E. Ip and J. M Kahn, "Digital equalization of chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion" J. Lightwave Technol. 25(8), 2033-2043 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2007.900889
  11. K. Roberts, D. Beckett, D. Boertjes, J. Berthold, and C. Laperle, "100G and beyond with digital coherent signal processing," IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(7), 62-69 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2010.5496879
  12. J. S. Lee and C. S. Shim, "Bit-error-rate analysis of optically preamplified receivers using an eigenfunction expansion method in optical frequency domain," J. Lightw. Technol. 12, 1224-1229 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.301815
  13. E. Forestieri, "Evaluating the error probability in lightwave systems with chromatic dispersion, arbitrary pulse shape and pre- and post-detection filtering," J. Lightw. Technol. 18, 1493-1503 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.896209
  14. R. Holzlohner, V. S. Grigoryan, C. R. Menyuk, and W. L. Kath, "Accurate calculation of eye diagrams and bit error rates in optical transmission systems using linearization," J. Lightw. Technol. 20(3), 389-400 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.988987
  15. J. S. Lee and A. E. Willner, "Analysis of Gaussian optical receivers," J. Lightwave Technol. 31, 2987-2993 (2013).
  16. K. H. Seo, J. S. Lee, and A. E. Willner. "Time-dependent analysis of optical receivers using receiver eigenmodes," J. Opt. Soc. Korea 17, 305-311 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2013.17.4.305
  17. N. A. Olson, "Lightwave systems with optical amplifiers," J. Lightw. Technol. 7(7), 1071-1082 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.29634
  18. M. Kac and A. J. F. Siegert, "On the theory of noise in radio receivers with square law detectors," J. Appl. Phys. 18(4), 383-397 (1947). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1697662
  19. R. C. Emerson, "First probability densities for receivers with square law detectors," J. Appl. Phys. 24, 1168-1176 (1953). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721465