Smart Structures and Systems

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Outlier detection of GPS monitoring data using relational analysis and negative selection algorithm

  • Yi, Ting-Hua (School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology) ;
  • Ye, X.W. (Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Li, Hong-Nan (School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology) ;
  • Guo, Qing (School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology)
  • Received : 2016.12.30
  • Accepted : 2017.04.18
  • Published : 2017.08.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Outlier detection is an imperative task to identify the occurrence of abnormal events before the structures are suffered from sudden failure during their service lives. This paper proposes a two-phase method for the outlier detection of Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring data. Prompt judgment of the occurrence of abnormal data is firstly carried out by use of the relational analysis as the relationship among the data obtained from the adjacent locations following a certain rule. Then, a negative selection algorithm (NSA) is adopted for further accurate localization of the abnormal data. To reduce the computation cost in the NSA, an improved scheme by integrating the adjustable radius into the training stage is designed and implemented. Numerical simulations and experimental verifications demonstrate that the proposed method is encouraging compared with the original method in the aspects of efficiency and reliability. This method is only based on the monitoring data without the requirement of the engineer expertise on the structural operational characteristics, which can be easily embedded in a software system for the continuous and reliable monitoring of civil infrastructure.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Natural Science Foundation of China, Central Universities of China

References

  1. Breuer, P., Chmielewski, T., Gorski, P., Konopka, E. and Tarczynski, L. (2008), "The Stuttgart TV Tower-displacement of the top caused by the effects of sun and wind", Eng. Struct, 30(10), 2771-2781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.03.008
  2. Casciati, F. and Fuggini, C. (2011), "Monitoring a steel building using GPS sensors", Smart Struct. Syst., 7(5), 349-363. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2011.7.5.349
  3. Deng, J.L. (1982), "Control problems of grey systems", Syst. Control Lett., 1(5), 288-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6911(82)80025-X
  4. Gonzalez, F.A. and Dasgupt, D. (2003), "Anomaly detection using real valued negative selection", Genet. Program. Evol. M., 4(4), 383-403. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026195112518
  5. GrafNav (2012), NovAtel, Inc., Canada, http://www.novatel.com.
  6. Hofmeyr, S.A. and Forrest, S. (2000), "Architecture for an artificial immune system", Evol. Comput., 8(4), 443-473. https://doi.org/10.1162/106365600568257
  7. Ji, Z. and Dasgupta, D. (2009), "V-detector: An efficient negative selection algorithm with 'probably adequate' detector coverage", Inform. Sciences, 179(10), 1390-1406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2008.12.015
  8. Kijewski-Correa, T., Kareem, A. and Kochly, M. (2006), "Experimental verification and full-scale deployment of Global Positioning Systems to monitor the dynamic response of tall buildings", J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE, 132(8), 1242-1253. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:8(1242)
  9. Kijewski-Correa, T. and Kareem, A. (2007), "Performance of wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition in extracting signals embedded in noise", J. Eng. Mech. - ASCE, 133(7), 849-852. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2007)133:7(849)
  10. Kijewski-Correa, T. and Kochly, M. (2007), "Monitoring the wind-induced response of tall buildings: GPS performance and the issue of multipath effects", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95(9), 1176-1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.02.002
  11. Li, J. and Hao, H. (2015a), "Damage detection of shear connectors under moving loads with relative displacement measurements", Mech. Syst. Signal Pr., 60-61, 124-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2014.09.014
  12. Li, J. and Hao, H. (2015b), "Structural damage identification with power spectral density transmissibility: Numerical and experimental studies", Smart Struct. Syst., 15(1), 15-40. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2015.15.1.015
  13. Meng, X., Dodson, A.H. and Roberts, G.W. (2007), "Detecting bridge dynamics with GPS and triaxial accelerometers", Eng. Struct., 29(11), 3178-3184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.03.012
  14. Mertikas, S.P. and Rizos, C. (1997), "On-line detection of abrupt changes in the carrier-phase measurements of GPS", J. Geodesy, 71(8), 469-482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001900050115
  15. Moschas, F. and Stiros, S.C. (2014), "Three-dimensional dynamic deflections and natural frequencies of a stiff footbridge based on measurements of collocated sensors", Struct. Control. Health Monit., 21(1), 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1547
  16. Moschas, F. and Stiros, S. (2013), "Noise characteristics of high-frequency, short-duration GPS records from analysis of identical, collocated instruments", Measurement, 46(4), 1488-1506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2012.12.015
  17. Nakamura, S. (2000), "GPS measurement of wind-induced suspension bridge girder displacements", J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE, 126(12), 1413-1419. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:12(1413)
  18. Ogaja, C., Li, X. and Rizos, C. (2007), "Advances in structural monitoring with global positioning system technology: 1997-2006", J. Applied Geodesy, 1(3), 171-179. https://doi.org/10.1515/jag.2007.019
  19. Ogaja, C., Wang, J. and Rizos, C. (2003), "Detection of wind-induced response by wavelet transformed GPS solutions", J. Surv. Eng. - ASCE, 129(3), 99-104. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(2003)129:3(99)
  20. Park H.S., Sohn, H.G., Kim, I.S. and Park, J.H. (2008), "Application of GPS to monitoring of wind-induced responses of high-rise buildings", Struct. Des. Tall. Spec., 17(1), 117-132. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.335
  21. Psimoulis, P.A. and Stiros, S.C. (2012), "A supervised learning computer-based algorithm to derive the amplitude of oscillations of structures using noisy GPS and Robotic Theodolites (RTS) records", Comput. Struct., 92, 337-348.
  22. Psimoulis, P.A. and Stiros, S.C. (2013), "Measuring deflections of a short-span railway bridge using a robotic total station", J. Bridge Eng. - ASCE, 18(2), 182-185. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000334
  23. Ragheb, A.E., Edwards, S.J. and Clarke, P.J. (2009), "Using filtered and semicontinuous high rate GPS for monitoring deformations", J. Surv. Eng. - ASCE, 136(2), 72-79. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)SU.1943-5428.0000016
  24. Satirapod, C., Khoonphool, R. and Rizos, C. (2003), "Multipath mitigation of permanent GPS stations using wavelets", In Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS, Tokyo, Japan (pp. 15-18).
  25. Satirapod, C., Wang, J. and Rizos, C. (2003), "Comparing different global positioning system data processing techniques for modeling residual systematic errors", J. Surv. Eng. - ASCE, 129(4), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(2003)129:4(129)
  26. Tiberius, C. and Kenselaar, F. (2003), "Variance component estimation and precise GPS positioning: case study", J. Surv. Eng. - ASCE, 129(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(2003)129:1(11)
  27. Tsai, Y.H., Chang, F.R. and Yang, W.C. (2004), "GPS fault detection and exclusion using moving average filters", IEE Proceedings-Radar, Sonar and Navigation, 151(4), 240-247. https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-rsn:20040728
  28. Ye, X.W., Ni, Y.Q., Wai, T.T., Wong, K.Y., Zhang, X.M. and Xu, F. (2013), "A vision-based system for dynamic displacement measurement of long-span bridges: algorithm and verification", Smart Struct. Syst., 12(3-4), 363-379. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.12.3_4.363
  29. Ye, X.W., Dong, C.Z. and Liu, T. (2016a), "Image-based structural dynamic displacement measurement using different multi-object tracking algorithms", Smart Struct. Syst., 17(6), 935-956. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.17.6.935
  30. Ye, X.W., Su, Y.H., Xi, P.S., Chen, B. and Han, J.P. (2016b), "Statistical analysis and probabilistic modeling of WIM monitoring data of an instrumented arch bridge", Smart Struct. Syst., 17(6), 1087-1105. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.17.6.1087
  31. Ye, X.W., Dong, C.Z. and Liu, T. (2016c), "Force monitoring of steel cables using vision-based sensing technology: methodology and experimental verification", Smart Struct. Syst., 18(3), 585-599. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.18.3.585
  32. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Gu, M. (2011), "Characterization and extraction of global positioning system multipath signals using an improved particle-filtering algorithm", Meas. Sci. Tech., 22(7), 1-11.
  33. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Gu, M. (2012), "Effect of different construction materials on propagation of GPS monitoring signals", Measurement, 45(5), 1126-1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2012.01.027
  34. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Gu, M. (2013), "Recent research and applications of GPS-based monitoring technology for high-rise structures", Struct. Control Health Monit., 20(5), 649-670. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1501
  35. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Gu, M. (2013), "Wavelet based multi-step filtering method for bridge health monitoring using GPS and accelerometer", Smart Struct. Syst., 11(4), 331-348. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.11.4.331
  36. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Gu, M. (2013), "Experimental assessment of high-rate GPS receivers for deformation monitoring of bridge", Measurement, 46(1), 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2012.07.018
  37. Zheng, C., Li, W., Wang, S., Sun, D., Ma, L., Zhang, M. and Zhang, B. (2014), "Hepatoma cells recognition based on matrix absolute gray relational degree of B-mode", Optik, 125(4), 1579-1584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.10.017
  38. Zhong, P., Ding, X., Yuan, L., Xu, Y., Kwok, K. and Chen, Y. (2010), "Sidereal filtering based on single differences for mitigating GPS multipath effects on short baselines", J. Geodesy, 84(2), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-009-0352-z