Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Study on ZnO Nanoparticle Dispersions in Test Media Including Natural Organic Matter for Ecotoxicological Assessment

천연유기물을 포함한 산화아연 나노입자 분산배지의 생태독성평가 적용성 연구

  • Park, Sun-Young (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-tae (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Shin, Yu-jin (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Kim, Ji-eun (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Lee, Jae-woo (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Jo, Eunhye (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Sung, Hwa kyung (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Kim, Pil-je (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-hee (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)) ;
  • Eom, Ig-chun (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER))
  • 박선영 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 김경태 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 신유진 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 김지은 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 이재우 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 조은혜 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 성화경 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 김필제 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 최경희 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과) ;
  • 엄익춘 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부 위해성평가연구과)
  • Received : 2017.01.04
  • Accepted : 2017.11.27
  • Published : 2017.11.30
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Abstract

Toxicity and fate assessment is necessary in the evaluation of the environmental, health and safety risks of engineered nanomaaterials (ENMs). Therefore, in order to ensure the reproducibility, reliability and relevance of ENMs toxicity results, stable and monomodal dispersion protocols in toxicity test media are needed. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) are widely used in various products such as cosmetic products, paper, paints etc. In this study, nZnO dispersions in ecotoxicity test media were produced by following a series of steps of modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special publication 1200-5. In addition, natural organic matter (humic acid (HA)) was used as a stabilizing agent to disperse nZnO in the test media. The hydrodynamic diameters (HDD) of the nZnO in dispersion ranged between 150 and 200 nm according to the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement. Based on these dispersions in ecotoxicity test using ecological species (Oryzias latipes, Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Chironomusus riparius), dispersion protocol was found to have a considerable potential in ecotoxicity test of ENMs.

나노 물질의 활용이 증가하면서, 환경 내 나노물질의 독성 및 거동에 관련 연구가 필수적인데, 나노독성평가의 신뢰도를 확보하기 위해서는 노출 배지 내 나노물질의 안정적인 분산방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)에서 제안한 천연유기물을 활용한 나노 분산액 제조 방법을 토대로 화장품 등 다양한 분야에서 널리 사용되고 있는 산화아연 나노입자 생태독성 평가를 위한 분산배지 조제방법을 정립하여 다양한 시험종에 대한 수생태시험 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. 천연유기물을 활용하여 분산성이 향상된 시험배지 내 나노 입자의 분산 안정성을 확인하기 위해 제조 후, 96시간까지의 동적광산란(Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS)측정 결과 입자 크기 분포의 평균값이 약 150-200 nm의 수준을 유지하면서 나노입자의 안정성을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 천연유기물을 활용하여 금속계 나노물질의 배지 내 분산력을 향상 시키는 방법이 수생태독성시험에 적용 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단되었고, 수생태독성 시험종(어류, 물벼룩, 깔따구, 조류 등)에서의 독성 영향을 확인한 결과 물벼룩 및 깔따구를 이용한 급성 독성 실험에 적합한 것으로 확인되어 향후 나노물질의 수생태독성평가에서 재현성 높은 결과 확보 방안을 도출에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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