Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Drawing Elements of Inquiry in Field Geology and Analyzing Field Geology Education in Previous Studies

야외 지질학 탐구 요소 추출 및 지질 답사 교육 문헌 분석

  • Received : 2017.04.28
  • Accepted : 2017.06.05
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

This study is a research synthesis analyzing how field geology education is conducted in domestic and foreign countries in the recent 20 years and how it reflects the characteristics of authentic geologic inquiry. For these purposes, we first drew five elements of inquiry in field geology (observation, representation, abductive reasoning, spatial thinking, and diachronic thinking) considering the field geologists' actual research method as well as its pedagogical significance in science education. We developed analysis criteria for field geology education. The 53 cases were analyzed based on each element of inquiry in field geology and its sub-elements, and also the tendency of overall elements. As a result, observation and representation were included in most cases, but there appeared less frequency in order of abductive reasoning, spatial thinking, and diachronic thinking. For observation, the ratio of purposive observation and autonomous observation is high. For representation, both visualizing and linguistic type of representation and free-form representation appear frequently. For abductive reasoning, the step of generating hypothesis is often included and the hypothesis tends to be about the geological formatting process. For spatial thinking, type of self-location and perception of the spatial configuration of the structure appear at a high rate. For diachronic thinking, type of stratigraphic sequence is the most frequent. The proportions of the cases including three or more elements of inquiry in field geology consist 87% of the total. We suggested implications for improving geological fieldwork as authentic science inquiry in the future.

본 연구는 최근 20년간 국내외에서 수행된 야외 지질 답사 교육이 지질학 참 탐구의 특성을 어떻게 반영하고 있는지 분석한 문헌 분석 연구다. 이를 위해 먼저 야외 지질학자의 실제 연구 방법 및 과학 교육학적 중요성을 고려하여 야외 지질학 탐구 요소 다섯 가지(관찰, 표상, 귀추적 추론, 공간적 사고, 통시적 사고)를 도출하고, 이를 바탕으로 탐구 하위 요소를 추가하여 지질 답사 교육 분석 기준을 개발했다. 분석 대상 사례는 총 53건이었고, 분석은 야외 지질학 탐구 요소별 하위 요소 및 탐구 요소 전반이 나타나는 경향에 대해 수행되었다. 분석 결과, 관찰과 표상은 대부분의 사례에 포함되어 있었으며, 귀추적 추론, 공간적 사고, 통시적 사고 순으로 포함된 빈도수가 적었다. 관찰은 목적적 관찰 및 자유 관찰의 비율이 높았고, 표상에서는 시각화 언어화 유형과 자유 양식의 표상이 많이 나타났으며, 귀추적 추론에서는 가설 생성 단계가 포함되는 경우가 많고 가설 내용은 지질형성 과정과 관련된 경우가 많았다. 공간적 사고에서는 자기 위치화 및 공간 배치 형태 인식 유형이 높은 비율로 나타나고, 통시적 사고에서는 층서 유형의 사고가 가장 많이 나타났다. 3가지 이상의 야외 지질학 탐구 요소를 포함하는 경우는 전체 사례의 87%였다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 참 과학 탐구로서 야외 지질 답사 교육의 활용과 관련한 시사점을 제시했다.

Keywords

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