DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Estimation Model of Trip Generation Model and Trip Distribution Model Reflecting Coefficient of Accessibility

접근성 변수를 반영한 통행발생 및 통행분포모형 개발

  • 전용현 (한양대학교 도시대학원 도시개발경영.교통학과) ;
  • 노정현 (한양대학교 도시대학원 도시개발경영.교통학과) ;
  • 장준석 (한양대학교 도시대학원 도시개발경영.교통학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.16
  • Accepted : 2017.06.09
  • Published : 2017.06.30

Abstract

Traffic demand prediction result is a primary factor for decision making such as the traffic planning and operation. The existing traffic demand prediction 4-step model only covers the trip between the origin and the destination, and not the demand followed by the accessibility improvement, due to the characteristic of this model. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to improve the limitations of the existing model by developing the inter-city trip generation and trip distribution model with more accessibility. After calculating of the trip generation and trip distribution model with more accessibility, the sign of the accessibility coefficient was positive. Commuting was the most insensitive indicator, affected by external factors among the other trip purposes. The leisure trip was the most sensitive, affected by the trip fee. According to the result of comparison with each of estimated model and observational data, it was certain that the reliability and assumption of the model have been improved by discovering the reduced weighted average error rate, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and total error through the model with more accessibility compared with the existing one.

교통수요 예측 결과는 교통계획 및 운영과 같은 의사결정 과정에서 매우 주요하게 작용되고 있다. 교통수요 예측 시 적용되는 기존 교통수요 예측 4단계 모형은 지정된 기점과 종점 간의 통행만을 대상으로 하며 모형의 특성상 접근성 향상에 따라 유발되는 수요는 고려하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존 모형의 한계를 보완하고 모형의 추정력 및 신뢰성을 제고하기 위해 접근성을 반영한 전국 지역 간 통행발생 및 통행분포모형 개발에 목적을 두었다. 접근성을 반영한 통행발생 및 통행분포모형 정산 결과, 접근성 계수의 부호는 양(+)의 값으로 추정되었다. 통행목적 중 업무통행은 타 목적통행에 비해 외부요소의 제약에 가장 둔감한 것으로 나타났으며 여가통행은 통행비용에 가장 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 정산된 통행발생 및 통행분포모형을 관측자료 와의 비교를 통해 검증한 결과, 접근성을 반영한 모형의 가중평균(weighted average) 오차율(%), RMSE(Root Mean Square Error), 총 오차량(total error)등이 기존 모형에 비해 감소하는 것으로 나타남에 따라 모형의 추정력 및 신뢰성이 개선됨을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. E. Y. Oh, "A Theoretical Review on the Behavioral Analysis of Travel Mode Choice in the terms of Accessibility", Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, no. 3, pp: 93-101, 1998.
  2. K. H. Chang, "An Examination of the Method and Models of Regional Accessibility Indices", Master thesis, Hanyang University, 1991.
  3. Ingram, D. R, "The concept of Accessibility(Research for an operational Form", Regional Studies 5, no. 2, pp. 101-107, 1971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09595237100185131
  4. Jones, S. R, "Accessibility Measures:A Literature Review", TRRL Report 967, 1981.
  5. Hansen, "How Accessibility Shapes Land Use". American Institute of Planners Journal 25, no. 2, pp. 69-82, 1959.
  6. A. G. Wilson, "Entropy in Urban and Regional Modeling", London, Pion, 1970.
  7. Bhat, C. et al., "Assessment of Accessibility Measures", Center for Transportation Research, 2001.
  8. Lowry, I. S, "A Model of Metropolis", SantaMonica CA, Rand Corporation, 1964.
  9. Savigear F, "A Quantitative Measure of Accessibility", Town Planning Review 38, no. 1, pp. 64-72, 1967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.38.1.p8048192t736t558
  10. Karlqvist A, "Some Theoretical Aspects of Accessibility-Based Location Model", Dynamic Allocation of Urban Space, 1975.
  11. Gwilliams K M, "Economic Evaluation of Urban Transport Projects : The State of the Art", Transportation Planning and Technology 1, pp. 123-142, 1972. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03081067208717039
  12. Anderson J, "Space-Time Budgets and Activity Studies in Urban Geography and Planning", Environment and Planning 3, pp. 353-368, 1971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a030353
  13. B. J. Bae, "A Study on Disaggregate Trip Generation Models Using the Seoul Metropolitan Household Travel Survey Data", Master thesis, National University of Seoul, 2011.
  14. C. Park, "The Study on the Modification of Transit OD Using Smart Card Data in Seoul", Master thesis, National University of Chonnam, 2013.
  15. S. T. Chol, J. H. Roh, "Development and Implementation of a 2-Phase Calibration Method for Gravity Model Considering Accessibility", Journal of Korean Society of Transportation 33, no. 4, pp. 393-404, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2015.33.4.393