Tunnel and Underground Space (터널과지하공간)

Korean Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (한국암반공학회)
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Development of Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Method for CO2 Sequestration and Its Application to Sleipner Project

이산화탄소 지중저장을 위한 수리-역학 연동 해석 기술 개발 및 적용 - 슬라이프너 프로젝트

  • Received : 2017.05.22
  • Accepted : 2017.06.16
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

$CO_2$ sequestration for alleviating global warming is a hot issue in the world. In this study, TOUGH2 and FLAC3D were combined for analyzing the hyro-mechanical coupling behaviors expected in $CO_2$ sequestration and applied it to Sleipner project carried out in Norway. In the analysis, the influence of pore pressure on in situ stress was considered and the influence of caprock permeability on hydro-mechanical behaviors was analyzed. In the condition of constant injection rate, pressure and saturation at the injection well, liquid and gas saturation in rock, major and minor stress variations with time and distance from the injection well, and horizontal and vertical displacements after injection could be investigated. The major principal stress was quickly increased in the early stage and then slowly decreased to a stable value, which was higher than the initial value. In contrast, the minor principal stress returned to initial value after some increase in the early stage. Surface upheaval was steadily increased and it was up to 15mm in 2 years after injection. When the caprock's permeability was changed from $3e-15m^2{\sim}3e-18m^2$, it was found that the injection well pressure and surface upheaval were inversely propotional to the permeability.

세계 각국에서는 지구온난화 완화를 위한 이산화탄소 지중저장에 대한 관심이 높다. 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소 지중저장에 따른 수리-역학적 복합거동 해석을 위해 TOUGH2 와 FLAC3D 를 결합하고 이를 노르웨이 슬라이프너 프로젝트에 적용하였다. 수리-역학 해석에서는 공극압에 의한 현지응력의 변화를 고려하였으며 주입공 상부의 덮개암의 투수계수 변화에 따른 수리-역학적 영향을 분석하였다. 일정 속도로 이산화탄소를 주입하는 경우, 주입정에에서의 압력 및 포화도 변화, 암반에서의 포화도 변화, 시간과 위치에 따른 암반에서의 최대주응력 및 최소주응력의 변화, 주입 후 수직변위 및 수평변위의 변화를 파악할 수 있었다. 최대주응력은 주입초기에 빠르게 상승한 후 서서히 낮아지다가 초기 응력보다 높은 값으로 수렴하는 경향을 보였으며 최소주응력은 초기에 빠르게 증가하다가 초기값으로 복귀하는 경향을 보였다. 주입이 진행됨에 따라 지표에서는 융기가 점진적으로 발생하며 주입 후 2년이 경과한 시점에서 최대 15 mm 의 수직변위가 발생하였다. 덮개암의 투수계수를 $3e-15m^2{\sim}3e-18m^2$ 까지 변화시키면서 해석을 실시한 결과, 주입초기에는 투수계수에 반비례하여 주입공 압력과 지표면 융기가 증가하였다.

Keywords

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