Journal of Chest Surgery

The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (대한심장혈관흉부외과학회)
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The Absence of Atrial Contraction as a Predictor of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation after Maze Procedure with Cryoablation

  • Jeon, Chang-Seok (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shim, Man-shik (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Seung-Jung (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Dong Seop (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Kyoung-Min (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • On, Young Keun (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, June Soo (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Pyo Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2016.11.09
  • Accepted : 2016.12.27
  • Published : 2017.06.05
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Abstract

Background: The absence of atrial contraction (AC) after the maze procedure has been reported to cause subsequent annular dilatation and to increase the risk of embolic stroke. We hypothesized that the lack of AC could increase the risk of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation in patients undergoing the maze procedure. Methods: In 376 consecutive patients who had undergone a cryo-maze procedure and combined valve operation, recovery of AC was assessed at baseline and at immediate (${\leq}2$ weeks), early (${\leq}1$ year, $4.6{\pm}3.8$ months), and late (>1 year, $3.5{\pm}1.1$ years) postoperative stages. Results: With a median follow-up of 53 months, 10 patients underwent PPM implantation. Seven PPM implants were for sinus node dysfunction (pauses of $9.6{\pm}2.4$ seconds), one was for marked sinus bradycardia, and two were for advanced/complete atrioventricular block. The median (interquartile range) time to PPM implantation was 13.8 (0.5-68.2) months. Our time-varying covariate Cox models showed that the absence of AC was a risk factor for PPM implantation (hazard ratio, 11.92; 95% confidence interval, 2.52 to 56.45; p=0.002). Conclusion: The absence of AC may be associated with a subsequent risk of PPM implantation.

Keywords

References

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