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Digital Contents Society (한국디지털콘텐츠학회)
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The Synthetic comparative analysis of cultural Acculturation mechanism from North Korean women Elite-class in South Korea

출신성분에 따른 탈북여성의 문화적응 기제에 관한 비교분석

  • Kim, Yun-Na (Department of Youth Welfare, Seoul Cyber University) ;
  • Joo, K.P. (Department of Youth Education, Korea National Open University)
  • 김윤나 (서울사이버대학교 사회복지학부 청소년복지전공) ;
  • 주경필 (한국방송통신대학교 청소년교육과)
  • Received : 2017.03.30
  • Accepted : 2017.04.25
  • Published : 2017.04.30
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Abstract

This study aims to examine heterogeneous acculturation patterns of elite North Korean female defectors in South Korea. The study employed a synthetic comparative analysis. A series of in-depth interviews with 5 North Korean female defectors in South Korea were conducted. In addition, the research team implemented 20 open-ended surveys with other defectors. Through this study, we have found various types of cultural adaptation in the group of the elite North Korean women in South Korea. The study findings imply that it is imperative to establish national policies that support different types of North Korean defectors. Putting all North Koreans into one category might result in alienation and discrimination to some groups. Thus how the participants reframed their social identify in South Korea illuminates essential facets of human-right education, especially education for refugees and immigrants in different global and multi-cultural contexts.

본 연구는 현재 남한에 입국한 북한이탈주민의 71% 이상을 차지하고 있는 탈북여성의 남한사회 적응과 관련하여 출신성분에 따른 Berry의 문화적응 이론의 재검증을 시도한 연구이다. 이를 위해 북한의 출신성분제도, Berry의 문화적응 이론, 관련 선행 연구들을 검토하였고 IRB심의가 끝난 2014년 12월 15일~2015년 2월 30일까지 FGI 및 설문조사를 통해 탈북여성이 겪는 사회적 정체감과 문화적 유능감을 밝혀보고자 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과 출신성분에 따른 남 북한정체감(심리적 문화적응 전략), 문화적 유능감, 지각된 동화 압력, 문화이질감의 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 문화적응은 개별적인 사례 특성에 따라 다른 것임을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과에 기반하여 구체화된 발전과제를 제시하였으며 본 연구의 의의와 함께 후속연구의 과제를 제안하였다.

Keywords

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