References
- Ahmed SM, Hall AJ, Robinson AE, Verhoef L, Premkumar P, Parashar UD, et al. 2014. Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect. Dis. 14: 725-730. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70767-4
- Patel MM, Widdowson MA, Glass RI, Akazawa K, Vinjé J, Parashar UD. 2008. Systematic literature review of role of noroviruses in sporadic gastroenteritis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14: 1224-1231. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1408.071114
- Teunis PFM, Moe CL, Liu P, Miller SE, Lindesmith L, Baric RS, et al. 2008. Norwalk virus: how infectious is it? J. Med. Virol. 80: 1468-1476. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.21237
- Atmar RL, Openkun AR, Gilger MA, Estes MK, Crawford SE, Neill FH, Graham DY. 2008. Norwalk virus shedding after experimental human infection. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14: 1553-1557. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1410.080117
- Cheesbrough JS, Green J, Gallimore CI, Wright PA, Brown DWG. 2000. Widespread environmental contamination with Norwalk-like viruses (NLV) detected in a prolonged hotel outbreak of gastroenteritis. Epidemiol. Infect. 125: 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095026889900432X
- Lopman B, Gastanaduy P, Park GW, Hall AJ, Parashar UD, Vinje J. 2012. Environmental transmission of norovirus gastroenteritis. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2: 96-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2011.11.005
- Vinje J. 2015. Advances in laboratory methods for detection and typing of norovirus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 53: 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01535-14
- Stals A, Mathijs E, Baert L, Bottledoorn N, Denayer S, Mauroy A, et al. 2012. Molecular detection and genotyping of noroviruses. Food Environ. Virol. 4: 153-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-012-9092-y
- Green K. 2013. Caliciviridae: The Noroviruses, pp. 583-609. In Knipe DM, Howley PM, Cohen JI, Griffin DE, Lamb RA, Martin MA, Racaniello VR, Roizman B (eds). Fields Virology, 6th Ed. Vol 1. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Kageyama T, Kojima S, Shinohara M, Uchida K, Fukushi S, Hoshino FB, et al. 2003. Broadly reactive and highly sensitive assay for Norwalk-like viruses based on real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 1548-1557. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.4.1548-1557.2003
- Jothikumar N, Lowther JA, Henshilwood K, Lees DN, Hill VR, Vinje, J. 2005. Rapid and sensitive detection of noroviruses by using TaqMan-based one-step reverse transcription-PCR assays and application to naturally contaminated shellfish samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 1870-1875. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.4.1870-1875.2005
- Park YB, Cho YH, Ko GP. 2011. A duplex real-time RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous genogroup-specific detection of noroviruses in both clinical and environmental specimens. Virus Genes 43: 192-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0626-4
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. 2013. Guideline for Investigation on the Cause of Food Poisoning, Ch. 5. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungcheonbuk-do, Republic of Korea. [In Korean].
- Mattison K, Grudeski E, Auk B, Brassard J, Charest H, Dust K, et al. 2011. Analytical performance of norovirus real-time RT-PCR detection protocols in Canadian laboratories. J. Clin. Virol. 50: 109-113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2010.10.008
- Lee SG, Lee SH, Park SW, Suh CI, Jheong WH, Oh S, Paik SY. 2011. Standardized positive controls for detection of norovirus by reverse transcription PCR. Virol. J. 8: 260-267. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-8-260
- Martinez-Martinez M, Diez-Valcarce M, Hernandez M, Rodriguez-Lazaro D. 2011. Design and application of nucleic acid standards for quantitative detection of enteric viruses by real-time PCR. Food Environ. Virol. 3: 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-011-9062-9
- Victoria M, Miagostovich MP, Ferreira MSR, Vieira CB, Fioretti JM, Leite JPG, et al. 2009. Bayesian coalescent inference reveals high evolutionary rates and expansion of norovirus populations. Infect. Genet. Evol. 9: 927-932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2009.06.014
- Xia H, Gravelsina S, Öhrmalm C, Ottoson J, Blomberg J. 2016. Development of single-tube nested real-time PCR assays with long internally quenched probes for detection of norovirus genogroup II. Biotechniques 60: 28-34.
- Kojima S, Kageyama T, Fukushi S, Hoshino FB, Shinohara M, Uchida K, et al. 2002. Genogroup-specific PCR primers for detection of Norwalk-like viruses. J. Virol. Methods 100: 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00404-9
- Kim SH, Cheon DS, Kim JH, Lee DH, Jheong WH, Heo YJ, et al. 2005. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred during school excursions in Korea were associated with several waterborne strains of norovirus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 4836-4839. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.9.4836-4839.2005
- Bustin SA, Benes V, Garson JA, Hellemans J, Huggett J, Kubista M, et al. 2009. The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments. Clin. Chem. 55: 611-622. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.112797
- Lopman B, Simmons K, Gambhir M, Vinje J, Parashar U. 2014. Epidemiological implications of asymptomatic reinfection: a mathematical modeling study of norovirus. Am. J. Epidemiol. 179: 507-512. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt287
- Kabue JP, Meader E, Hunter PR, Potgieter N. 2016. Norovirus prevalence and estimated viral load in symptomatic and asymptomatic children from rural communities of Vhembe district, South Africa. J. Clin. Virol. 84: 12-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2016.09.005
- Stals A, Van Collie E, Uyttendaele M. 2013. Virus genes everywhere: public health implications of PCR-based testing of foods. Curr. Opin. Virol. 3: 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2012.11.003
- Butot S, Zuber S, Baert L. 2014. Sample preparation prior to molecular amplification: complexities and opportunities. Curr. Opin. Virol. 4: 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2013.12.004
- Zheng D-P, Ando T, Fankhauser RL, Beard RS, Glass RI, Monroe SS. 2006. Norovirus classification and proposed strain nomenclature. Virology 346: 312-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2005.11.015
- Park GW, Collins N, Barclay L, Hu L, Prasad BVV, Lopman BA, Vinje J. 2016. Strain-specific virolysis patterns of human noroviruses in response to alcohols. PLoS One 11: e0157787 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157787
- Jin M, Tan M, Xia M, Wei C, Huang P, Wang L, et al. 2015. Strain-specific interaction of a GII.10 norovirus with HBGAs. Virology 476: 386-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2014.12.039
- Vega E, Barclay L, Gregoricus N, Williams K, Lee D, Vinje J. 2011. Novel surveillance network for norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks, United States. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 17: 1389-1395.
- Gonzalez MD, Langley LC, Buchan BW, Faron ML, Maier M, Templeton K, et al. 2016. Multicenter evaluation of the Xpert norovirus assay for detection of norovirus genogroups I and II in fecal specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 54: 142-147. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02361-15
- Bustin SA, Nolan T. 2004. Pitfalls of quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Biomol. Tech. 15: 155-166.
Cited by
- Hepatitis E Virus Methyltransferase Inhibits Type I Interferon Induction by Targeting RIG-I vol.28, pp.9, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1808.08058
- The validation of Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs) as a RT-qPCR normalization strategy in a rodent model for temporal lobe epilepsy vol.14, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210567
- Human Norovirus Replication in Temperature-Optimized MDCK Cells by Forkhead Box O1 Inhibition vol.30, pp.9, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2003.03071
- Development and Evaluation of a SYBR Green-Based, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Rapid and Specific Detection of Human Coxsackievirus B5 vol.26, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.15616/bsl.2020.26.4.302
- Development of a recombinase-aided amplification assay for rapid detection of human norovirus GII.4 vol.21, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05942-x