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Quality Characteristics of Mixed Makgeolli with Barley and Wheat by Fermentation Temperature

발효온도에 따른 보리와 밀 혼합막걸리의 품질 특성

  • Shin, Dong-Sun (Hotel Tourism Department, Tong Won University) ;
  • Jeong, Seok-Tae (Fermented Food Science Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Sim, Eun-Yeong (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Seuk Ki (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Joo (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Woo, Koan Sik (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Oh, Sea-Kwan (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Si-Ju (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Hye-Young (Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 신동선 (동원대학교 호텔관광대학) ;
  • 정석태 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 발효식품과) ;
  • 심은영 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 이석기 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 김현주 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 우관식 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 오세관 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 김시주 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과) ;
  • 박혜영 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 수확후이용과)
  • Received : 2017.01.24
  • Accepted : 2017.03.27
  • Published : 2017.04.30

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of mixed Makgeolli with barley and wheats under, fermentation at different temperatures (20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$) and time (3, 6, and 9 days). The pH and sugar of mixed Makgeolli were 3.68~4.26 and $12.30{\sim}17.31^{\circ}Brix$, respectively. The total acidity showed proportionate increase with fermentation temperature and time; whereas, reducing sugar contents decreased with increasing fermentation temperature and time. The alcohol contents of mixed Makgeolli varied significantly by fermentation temperature and time (p<0.05). In terms of color values, the L value decreased with increasing fermentation temperatures, and a value increased significantly with increasing fermentation time. The number of microorganisms (yeast, total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria) in mixed Makgeolli decreased progressively with increasing fermentation temperature and time. Among the organic acids (citric, lactic, malic, and pyruvic acids) in mixed Makgeolli, citric and lactic acid was present at the highest concentrations. From these results, the optimum fermentation conditions of mixed Makgeolli with barley and wheat were $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ for 6 days.

보리와 밀의 혼합막걸리 제조조건을 설정하기 위하여 발효온도(20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$)및 시간(3, 6, 9일)을 달리하여 제조한 혼합막걸리의 발효특성을 조사하였다. pH와 당도는 발효온도 및 시간이 증가함에 따라 전반적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 총산은 발효온도와 시간에 따라 비례적으로 증가하였다. 환원당과 알코올 함량은 발효온도 $20^{\circ}C$$25^{\circ}C$에서는 발효시간이 경과됨에 따라 환원당은 감소하고, 알코올은 증가하는 반면, 발효온도 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 발효 6일에 알코올 함량이 감소하였다. 색도는 L값은 대부분 발효온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, a값과 b값은 발효 9일차에 발효온도에 따른 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 발효시간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 보리와 밀 혼합막걸리의 미생물수를 측정한 결과, 효모수는 발효 3일차에 발효온도 $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$$30^{\circ}C$에서 각각 8.14, 7.93 및 7.67 Log(CFU/mL)로 가장 높은 수준을 나타냈고, 발효시간 경과에 따라 감소하였다. 이것은 발효온도와 상관없이 총균수와 유산균수가 모두 동일하게 나타났다. 유기산 조성은 citric acid와 lactic acid가 대부분을 차지했으며, 그 외 malic acid와 pyruvic acid도 일부 검출되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합했을 때 보리와 밀 혼합막걸리의 최적 발효조건은 발효온도 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$에서 6일간 발효했을 때 우수한 막걸리를 제조할 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다.

Keywords

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