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Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Neurological Disorders: Especially in Orthostatic Intolerance

신경계 질환에서 근적외선분광분석법의 적용: 기립불내증을 중심으로

  • Kim, Yoo Hwan (Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Paik, Seung-ho (Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University College of Health Science) ;
  • Phillips V, Zephaniah (Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University College of Health Science) ;
  • Seok, Hung Youl (Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jeon, Nam-Joon (Neurophysiology Laboratory, Korea University Anam Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Beop-Min (Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University College of Health Science) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Jo (Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine)
  • 김유환 (고려대학교 의과대학 신경과학교실) ;
  • 백승호 (고려대학교 보건과학대학 바이오융합공학교실) ;
  • ;
  • 석흥열 (고려대학교 의과대학 신경과학교실) ;
  • 전남준 (고려대학교 안암병원 신경생리검사실) ;
  • 김법민 (고려대학교 보건과학대학 바이오융합공학교실) ;
  • 김병조 (고려대학교 의과대학 신경과학교실)
  • Received : 2016.09.05
  • Accepted : 2016.12.08
  • Published : 2017.02.28

Abstract

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a noninvasive optical method, utilizes the characteristic absorption spectra of hemoglobin in the near-infrared range to provide information on cerebral hemodynamic changes in various clinical situations. NIRS monitoring have been used mainly to detect reduced perfusion of the brain during orthostatic stress for three common forms of orthostatic intolerance (OI); orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Autonomic function testing is an important diagnostic test to assess their autonomic nervous systems for patients with symptom of OI. However, these techniques cannot measure dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow. There are many experimentations about study of NIRS to reveal the pathophysiology of patients with OI. Research using NIRS in other neurologic diseases (stroke, epilepsy and migraine) are ongoing. NIRS have been experimentally used in all stages of stroke and may complement the established diagnostic and monitoring tools. NIRS also provide pathophysiological approach during rehabilitation and secondary prevention of stroke. The hemodynamic response to seizure has long been a topic for discussion in association with the neuronal damage resulting from convulsion. One critical issue when unpredictable events are to be detected is how continuous NIRS data are analyzed. Besides, NIRS studies targeting pathophysiological aspects of migraine may contribute to a deeper understanding of mechanisms relating to aura of migraine. NIRS monitoring may play an important role to trend regional hemodynamic distribution of flow in real time and also highlights the pathophysiology and management of not only patients with OI symptoms but also those with various neurologic diseases.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP; no. NRF-2015R1A5A7037674).