DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Data Assimilation of Real-time Air Quality Forecast using CUDA

CUDA를 이용한 실시간 대기질 예보 자료동화

  • 배효식 (안양대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 유숙현 (안양대학교 정보통신공학과) ;
  • 권희용 (안양대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.27
  • Accepted : 2017.04.07
  • Published : 2017.04.30

Abstract

As a result of rapid industrialization, air pollutants are seriously threatening the health of the people, the forecast is becoming more and more important. In forecasting air quality, it is very important to create a reliable initial field because the initial field input to the air quality forecasting model affects the accuracy of the forecast. There are several methods for enhancing the initial field input. One of the necessary techniques is data assimilation. The number of operations and the time required for such data assimilation is exponentially increased as the forecasting area is widened and the number of observation sites increases. Therefore, as the forecast size increases, it is difficult to apply the existing sequential processing method to a field requiring fast processing speed. In this paper, we propose a method that can process Cresman's method, which is one of the data assimilation techniques, in real time using CUDA. As a result, the proposed parallel processing method using CUDA improved at least 35 times faster than the conventional sequential method and other parallel processing methods.

현대에 들어서면서 대기오염 물질이 심각하게 국민의 건강을 위협하는 단계에 이르렀기 때문에 이에 대한 예보의 중요성은 점점 높아지고 있다. 대기질을 예보하는데 있어서 예보 모델에 입력되는 초기장은 예보의 정확성에 영향을 미치는 요소이기 때문에 신뢰도 높은 초기장을 생성하는 것이 매우 중요하며, 이때 필요한 기법 중 하나가 자료동화이다. 자료동화는 대상 지역이 넓어지고, 관측소의 수가 증가될수록 더 많은 연산이 필요하기 때문에 그 수행시간이 길어진다. 때문에 예보 규모가 커질수록 기존의 순차처리 방식으로는 빠른 처리속도를 요구하는 현업에 적용하기 어렵다. 이에 본 논문에서는 자료동화 기법 중의 하나인 크레스만 방법을 CUDA를 이용하여 실시간으로 처리할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 그 결과, 제안한 CUDA를 이용한 병렬처리 방법이 최소 35배 이상 속도가 향상되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. National Institute of Environmental Research, A Study of Accuracy Improvement of Numerical Air Quality Forecasting Model(I), NIER-SP2015-064, 11-1480523-002327-01, 2015.
  2. S. Yu, Y. Koo, and H. Kwon, "Inverse Model Parameter Estimation Based on Sensitivity Analysis for Improvement of PM10 Forecasting," Journal of Korea Multimedia Society, Vol. 18, No. 7, pp. 886-894, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9717/kmms.2015.18.7.886
  3. K. Lee, S. Lee, and E. Kim, "Assessment of Global Air Quality Reanalysis and Its Impact as Chemical Boundary Conditions for a Local PM Modeling System," Journal of Environmental Science International, Vol. 25, No.7, pp. 1029-1042, 2016. DOI : https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2016.25.7.1029
  4. R. Park, K. Han, C. Song, M. Park, S. Lee, S. Hong, et al, "Current Status and Development of Modeling Techniques for Forecasting and Monitoring of Air Quality over East Asia," Korea Society for Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 407-438, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2013.29.4.407
  5. G.P. Cressman, "An Operational Objective Analysis System," Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 87, No. 10, pp. 367-374, 1959. DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1959)087<0367:AOOAS>2.0.CO;2
  6. K. Ide, P. Courtier, M. Ghil, and A.C. Lorenc, "Unified Notation for Data Assimilation: Operational, Sequential and Variational," Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 75, No. 1B, pp. 181-189, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.75.1B_181
  7. A.C. Lorenc, "Analysis Methods for Numerical Weather Prediction," Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 112, Issue 474, pp. 1177-1194, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49711247414
  8. R.E. Kalman, "A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems," Journal of Basic Engineering, Vol. 82, Issue 1, pp.35-45, 1960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3662552
  9. E. Kalnay, Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability, Sigma Press, Seoul, 2012.
  10. S. Jason and K. Edword, CUDA by Example : An An Introduction to General-Purpose GPU Programming, Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston, Massachusetts, 2011.
  11. NVIDIA, CUDA C Programming Guide 7.5, 2015.
  12. H. Kwon, C. Joo, and H.Y. Kwon, "A Study on High Speed Image Rotation Algorithm using CUDA," The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication(JIIBC), VOL. 16 No. 5, pp.1-6, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7236/JIIBC.2016.16.5.1
  13. K. Cho, B. Park, and T.Yoon, "A Study on Improved Image Matching Method using the CUDA Computing," Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society(JKAIS), Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 2749-2756, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.4.2749