KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Evaluate the Accuracy of Drone Photogrammetry Surveying Using Water Reference Points

수상기준점을 활용한 드론 사진측량의 정확도 평가

  • 김병우 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 홍순헌 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 오재현 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 황대영 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2016.10.24
  • Accepted : 2017.03.06
  • Published : 2017.04.01
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Abstract

Most studies using drone is confined utilization on the ground and regulation. The drone in the water is rarely used in hydrographic surveying because of the limit of flight time and image matching. This paper is the basic research for drone hydrographic photogrammetry. The accuracy of hydrographic photogrammetry, using buoys for water reference point, was evaluated. The accuracy is influenced by the accuracy of the water reference points like the photogrammetry. The position of water reference points set up on water, keep on changing due to various environmental factors such as wind speed and water velocity. The position continuously changed of the water reference points were measured 3 times using Total Station and VRS. Experiments were conducted at two reservoirs in Gimhae City, and the accuracy of the manual image matching using the water reference points is 40 cm and 80 cm. Allowable accuracy of the ocean boundary survey is ${\pm}2m$, the results of this study are fully available. The maximum position error of the water reference point for ensuring accuracy within ${\pm}2m$ is 1.8 m.

현재까지의 드론을 이용한 대부분의 연구는 지상에서의 활용 및 규제에 관한 연구가 주로 이루어 졌다. 비행시간과 영상정합의 한계로 해양에서의 드론은 거의 사용되지 않는다. 본 연구는 수상에서 드론을 이용한 영상정합을 위한 기초 연구로 부표를 이용한 임의의 수상기준점을 통해 영상을 정합하고 정확도를 분석하였다. 수상기준점을 이용한 영상정합의 정확도는 항공사진측량과 동일하게 기준점의 정확도에 영향을 받으며, 수상에 설치된 임의의 수상기준점은 풍속, 유속 등 다양한 환경요소의 영향으로 위치가 계속 변화한다. 움직이는 수상기준점의 좌표는 Total Station과 VRS를 이용해 중복 측량하였다. 실험은 김해시 저수지 2곳에서 수행하였으며, 수상기준점을 활용한 수동영상정합 정확도는 각각 40 cm와 80 cm 이다. 해양경계측량의 허용오차가 ${\pm}2m$ 이므로 본 연구 결과는 충분히 활용 가능한 것으로 평가된다. ${\pm}2m$ 이내의 정확도를 확보하기 위한 수상기준점의 최대 위치오차는 1.8 m 이다.

Keywords

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