Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of specimen geometry and specimen preparation on the concrete compressive strength test

  • Aslani, Farhad (School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Western Australia) ;
  • Maia, Lino (CONSTRUCT-LABEST, Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), University of Porto) ;
  • Santos, José (CONSTRUCT-LABEST, Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), University of Porto)
  • Received : 2016.10.26
  • Accepted : 2017.01.23
  • Published : 2017.04.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper discusses an experimental programme that was carried out to study the effects of specimen size-shape and type of moulds on the compressive strength of concrete. For this purpose, cube specimens with 150 mm dimensions, cylinder specimens with $150{\times}300mm$ dimensions, and prism specimens with $150{\times}150{\times}375mm$ dimensions were prepared. The experimental programme was carried out with several concrete compositions belonging to strength classes C20/25, C25/30, C30/37, C40/50 and C60/75. Furthermore, the test results were curve-fitted using the least squares method to obtain the new parameters for the modified size effect law.

Keywords

References

  1. Alejandre, F.J., Flores-Ales, V., Villegas, R., Garcia-Heras, J. and Moron, E. (2014), "Estimation of Portland cement mortar compressive strength using microcores. Influence of shape and size", Constr. Build. Mater., 55, 359-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.049
  2. Aslani, F. (2013), "Effects of specimen size and shape on compressive and tensile strengths of self-compacting concrete with or without fibers", Mag. Concrete Res., 65(15), 914-929. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00016
  3. Aslani, F. (2014), "Experimental and numerical study of time-dependent behaviour of reinforced self-compacting concrete slabs", PhD Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney.
  4. Aslani, F. and Bastami, M. (2014), "Relationship between deflection and crack mouth opening displacement of self-compacting concrete beams with and without fibres", Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., 22(11), 956-967. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2014.906689
  5. Aslani, F. and Maia, L. (2013), "Creep and shrinkage of high strength self-compacting concrete experimental and numerical analysis", Mag. Concrete Res., 65(17), 1044-1058. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00048
  6. Aslani, F. and Natoori, M. (2013), "Stress-strain relationships for steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete", Struct. Eng. Mech., 46(2), 295-322. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.46.2.295
  7. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2012a), "Mechanical properties of conventional and self-compacting concrete: An analytical study", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, 330-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.034
  8. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2012b), "Bond characteristics of steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete", Can. J. Civil Eng., 39(7), 834-848. https://doi.org/10.1139/l2012-069
  9. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2012c), "Bond behavior of reinforcement in conventional and self-compacting concrete", Adv. Struct. Eng., 15(12), 2033-2051. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.15.12.2033
  10. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2012d), "Shrinkage behavior of self-compacting concrete", J. Zhejiang Uni. Sci. A, 13(6), 407-419. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1100340
  11. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2012e), "Bond characteristics of reinforcing steel bars embedded in self-compacting concrete", Aust. J. Struct. Eng., 13(3), 279-295.
  12. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2013a), "Self-compacting concrete incorporating steel and polypropylene fibers: compressive and tensile strengths, moduli of elasticity and rupture, compressive stress-strain curve, and energy dissipated under compression", Compos. Part B-Eng., 53, 121-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.04.044
  13. Aslani, F. and Nejadi, S. (2013b), "Creep and shrinkage of self-compacting concrete with and without fibers", J. Adv. Concrete Technol., 11(10), 251-265. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.11.251
  14. Aslani, F. and Samali, B. (2014), "Flexural toughness characteristics of self-compacting concrete incorporating steel and polypropylene fibers", Aust. J. Struct. Eng., 15(3), 269-286.
  15. Aslani, F., Nejadi, S. and Samali, B. (2014a), "Short term bond shear stress and cracking control of reinforced self-compacting concrete one way slabs under flexural loading", Comput. Concrete, 13(6), 709-737. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2014.13.6.709
  16. Aslani, F., Nejadi, S. and Samali, B. (2014b), "Long-term flexural cracking control of reinforced self-compacting concrete one way slabs with and without fibres", Comput. Concrete, 14(4), 419-443. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2014.14.4.419
  17. Aslani, F., Nejadi, S. and Samali, B. (2015), "Instantaneous and time-dependent flexural cracking models of reinforced self-compacting concrete slabs with and without fibres", Comput. Concrete, 16(2), 223-243. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.16.2.223
  18. ASTM Standards (2001), Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, Annual Book of ASTM Standards (ASTM C39-01), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA.
  19. ASTM Standards 2000 (Annual book) (2000), Concrete and Aggregates, Volume 04.02.
  20. Bazant, Z.P. (1984), "Size effect in blunt fracture; concrete, rock, metal", J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 110(4), 518-535. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1984)110:4(518)
  21. Bazant, Z.P. (1989), "Fracture energy of heterogeneous material and similitude", SEM-RILEM International Conference on Fracture of Concrete and Rock, 390-402.
  22. Bazant, Z.P. (1993), "Size effect in tensile and compressive quasibrittle failures", JCI International Workshop on Size Effect in Concrete Structures, 141-160.
  23. Bazant, Z.P. and Planas J. (1998), Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials, CRC Press, New York.
  24. Bazant, Z.P. and Xiang, Y. (1997), "Size effect in compression fracture: splitting crack band propagation", J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 123(2), 162-172. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1997)123:2(162)
  25. Chin, M.S., Mansur, M.A. and Wee, T.H. (1997), "Effect of shape, size, and casting direction of specimens on stress-strain curves of high-strength concrete", ACI Mater. J., 94(3), 209-19.
  26. Comite Euro-International du Beton (CEB-FIP) (1999), "Structural concrete: textbook on behaviour, design and performance", International Federation for Structural Concrete (Fib), Lausanne.
  27. EN 12350-10 (2010), "Testing fresh concrete. Self-compacting concrete. L box test".
  28. EN 12350-11 (2010), "Testing fresh concrete. Self-compacting concrete. Sieve segregation test".
  29. EN 12350-8 (2010), "Testing fresh concrete. Self-compacting concrete. Slump-flow test".
  30. EN 12350-9 (2010), "Testing fresh concrete. Self-compacting concrete. V-funnel test".
  31. EN 12390-1 (2012), "Testing hardened concrete. Shape, dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds".
  32. EN 12390-2 (2009), "Testing hardened concrete. Making and curing specimens for strength tests".
  33. EN 12390-3 (2009), "Testing hardened concrete. Compressive strength of test specimens".
  34. EN 12390-4 (2003), "Testing hardened concrete. Compressive strength. Specification for testing machines".
  35. EN 12620 (2013), "Aggregates for concrete".
  36. EN 197-1 (2011), "Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements".
  37. Eurocode 4 (2004), "Design of composite steel and concrete structures, part 1.1: general rules and rules for building", BS EN 1994-1-1, London, UK.
  38. Jalal, M. (2014), "Corrosion resistant self-compacting concrete using micro and nano silica admixtures", Struct. Eng. Mech., 51(3), 403-412. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.51.3.403
  39. Kim, J.K. and Eo, S.H. (1990), "Size effect in concrete specimens with dissimilar initial cracks", Mag. Concrete Res., 42(153), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1990.42.153.233
  40. Kim, J.K., Yi, S.T. and Kim, J.H.J. (2001), "Effect of specimen sizes on flexural compressive strength of concrete", ACI Struct. J., 98(3), 416-424.
  41. Kim, J.K., Yi, S.T. and Yang, E.I. (2000), "Size effect on flexural compressive strength of concrete specimens", ACI Struct. J., 97(2), 291-296.
  42. Kim, J.K., Yi, S.T., Park, C.K. and Eo, S.H. (1999), "Size effect on compressive strength of plain and spirally reinforced concrete cylinders", ACI Struct. J., 96(1), 88-94.
  43. Li, S. and An, X. (2014), "Method for estimating workability of self-compacting concrete using mixing process images", Comput. Concrete, 13(6), 781-798. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2014.13.6.781
  44. Maia, L. and Aslani, F. (2016), "Modulus of elasticity of concretes produced with basaltic aggregate", Comput. Concrete, 17(1), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.1.129
  45. Mastali, M., Dalvand, A. and Fakharifar, M. (2016), "Statistical variations in the impact resistance and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete", Comput. Concrete, 18(1), 113-137. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.18.1.113
  46. Nazarpour, M. and Foroughi Asl, A. (2016), "Modeling the polypropylene fiber effect on compressive strength of self-compacting concrete", Comput. Concrete, 17(3), 323-336. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.3.323
  47. Saridemir, M. (2014), "Effect of specimen size and shape on compressive strength of concrete containing fly ash: Application of genetic programming for design", Mater. Des., 56, 297-304 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.10.073
  48. Silva, J. (2012), "Stones talking", RTP Madeira. Episode 29 May. Available in http://www.rtp.pt/programa/tv/p28769/c83303.
  49. Sim, J.I., Yang, K.H., Kim, H.Y. and Choi, B.J. (2013), "Size and shape effects on compressive strength of lightweight concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 38, 854-864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.073
  50. Tung, N.D. and Tue, N.T. (2015), "Post-peak behavior of concrete specimens undergoing deformation localization in uniaxial compression", Constr. Build. Mater., 99, 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.013
  51. Wu, B., Zhang, S. and Yang, Y. (2015), "Compressive behaviors of cubes and cylinders made of normal-strength demolished concrete blocks and high-strength fresh concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 78, 342-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.027
  52. Yi, S.T., Yang, E.I. and Choi, JC. (2006), "Effect of specimen sizes, specimen shapes, and placement directions on compressive strength of concrete", Nucl. Eng. Des., 236, 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2005.08.004
  53. Zarrin, O. and Khoshnoud, H.R. (2016), "Experimental investigation on self-compacting concrete reinforced with steel fibers", Struct. Eng. Mech., 59(1), 133-151. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.1.133

Cited by

  1. Normal and High-Strength Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Perlite, Scoria, and Polystyrene Aggregates at Elevated Temperatures vol.30, pp.12, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002538
  2. Size effect on strength of Fiber-Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) after exposure to high temperatures vol.21, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2018.21.6.681
  3. An experimental study on the durability and strength of SCC incorporating FA, GGBS and MS vol.172, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.17.00129
  4. Hollow and SCC-filled high-strength GFRP tubes under concentric and eccentric compression vol.72, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.18.00110
  5. Seismic fracture analysis of concrete arch dams incorporating the loading rate dependent size effect of concrete vol.79, pp.2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.79.2.169