Journal of radiological science and technology (대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학)

Korean Society of Radiological Science (대한방사선과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Radiation Shielding Rate of Lead Aprons in Nuclear Medicine

핵의학과에서 사용하는 납 앞치마의 방사선 차폐율 평가

  • Received : 2017.03.03
  • Accepted : 2017.03.19
  • Published : 2017.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Considering that the X-ray apron used in the department of radiology is also used in the department of nuclear medicine, the study aimed to analyze the shielding rate of the apron according to types of radioisotopes, thus ${\gamma}$ ray energy, to investigate the protective effects. The radioisotopes used in the experiment were the top 5 nuclides in usage statistics $^{99m}Tc$, $^{18}F$, $^{131}I$, $^{123}I$, and $^{201}Tl$, and the aprons were lead equivalent 0.35 mmPb aprons currently under use in the department of nuclear medicine. As a result of experiments, average shielding rates of aprons were $^{99m}Tc$ 31.59%, $^{201}Tl$ 68.42%, and $^{123}I$ 76.63%. When using an apron, the shielding rate of $^{131}I$ actually resulted in average dose rate increase of 33.72%, and $^{18}F$ showed an average shielding rate of -0.315%, showing there was almost no shielding effect. As a result, the radioisotopes with higher shielding rate of apron was in the descending order of $^{123}I$, $^{201}Tl$, $^{99m}Tc$, $^{18}F$, $^{131}I$. Currently, aprons used in the nuclear medicine laboratory are general X-ray aprons, and it is thought that it is not appropriate for nuclear medicine environment that utilizes ${\gamma}$ rays. Therefore, development of nuclear medicine exclusive aprons suitable for the characteristics of radioisotopes is required in consideration of effective radiation protection and work efficiency of radiation workers.

본 연구는 영상의학과에서 사용하는 Χ선용 납 앞치마를 핵의학과에서도 사용하고 있는 점에 착안하여 방사성동위원소의 종류 즉, ${\gamma}$선 에너지에 따라 납 앞치마의 차폐율을 평가하여 방호효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 실험에 사용된 방사성동위원소는 이용통계 중 상위 5개 핵종인 $^{99}mTc$, $^{18}F$, $^{131}I$, $^{123}I$, $^{201}Tl$을 사용하였고, 납 앞치마는 실제 핵의학과에서 사용 중인 납 당량 0.35 mmPb의 납 앞치마를 이용하였다. 실험결과 납 앞치마의 평균 차폐율은 $^{99}mTc$이 31.59%, $^{201}Tl$은 68.42%, $^{123}I$이 76.63%로 나타났다. $^{131}I$의 차폐율은 납 앞치마를 사용했을 경우가 오히려 선량률이 평균 33.72%가 증가되어 나타났고, $^{18}F$의 경우 평균 차폐율이 -0.315%로 나타나 차폐효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 납 앞치마의 차폐율이 높은 방사성동위원소의 순서는 $^{123}I$, $^{201}Tl$, $^{99}mTc$, $^{18}F$, $^{131}I$ 순이었다. 현재 핵의학 검사실에서 사용하고 있는 납 앞치마는 일반 Χ선용 납 앞치마로 ${\gamma}$선을 이용하는 핵의학 환경에서는 적절치 않은 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 방사선작업종사자들의 효과적인 방사선 방호와 작업능률을 고려하여 방사성동위원소의 특성에 맞는 핵의학 전용 납 앞치마의개발이 요구된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea Association for Radiation Application: Statistics on the Radiation Practices in Korea 2012, 2013
  2. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Radiation Exposure Record of CT Patient, http://www.mfds.go.kr/index.do?mid=1294&seq=22654&sitecode=1&cmd=v, 2014
  3. Y.J Lee, T.J Park, I.H Kuk, Study on the status of Radiation/Radioisotope Utilization During the Last 5 Years, Journal of Radiation Industry, 1(2), 109-114, 2007
  4. D.H Kim, S.H Kim, Convergence Performance Evaluation of Radiation Protection for Apron using the PSNR, Journal of Digital Convergence, 13(10), 377-383, 2015 https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.10.377
  5. T.J Choi, Y.K Oh, J.H Kim, O.B Kim, Development of Lead Free Shielding Material for Diagnostic Radiation Beams, Medical Physics, 21(2), 232-237, 2010
  6. S.H Han, Performance Evaluation of Gamma-ray Shielding to Produce a Nuclear Medicine Exclusive Apron, Chungbuk National University Graduate School, 2017
  7. O. Fiona Roberts, H. Dishan Gunawardana, Radiation Dose to PET Technologist and Strategies to lower Occupational Exposure, Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, 33(1), 44-47. 2005
  8. D. G Jeong, The Necessity of the Inspection for the management of Medical X-ray, Kyung-pook National University Graduate School, 2011
  9. KFDA, Interventional radiology radiation protection guidelines, www.mfds.go.kr/, 2006
  10. Y.S Park, J.S Lee, K.R Dong, Compare Shielding Performance Evaluation of Lead Alternatives, J of Advanced Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 79-85, 2015
  11. Y.G Kim, Y.I Jang, J.M Kim, J.M Kim, Improvement of the Shieldability and Lightweight of a Radiation Protective Apron, 2003
  12. Y.S Kim, M.D Seo, W.K Lee et al, The Usefulness Evaluation of Radiation Shielding Devices in PET Scan Procedures, J Nucl Med Technol, 14(2), 65-76, 2010
  13. S.C Kim, M.H Park, Development of Radiation Shielding Sheet with Environmentally-Friendly Materals; II: Evaluation of Barum, Tourmaline, Silicon Polymers in the Radiation Shielding Sheet, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 34(2), 141-147, 2011
  14. H.R Lee, Preparation and Characterization of Χ-ray Shielding Materials by Tungsten-Silicon Composites, Keimyung University, 2014
  15. J.H Roh, A Study on the Manufacturing Technology for the Light-Weight Radiation-Proof Apron using Non-Toxic Lead-Free Materials, Korea University, 2012
  16. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Some revision notice of electronic medical device standard specification, MFDS Notice, No 2011-8, 2014
  17. S.J Yoo, C.S Lim, K.R Sim, A Study on Performance Evaluation of Apron by Shielding Rate and Uniformity, J Korea Saf Manag Sci, 17(1), 103-108, 2015 https://doi.org/10.12812/ksms.2015.17.1.103
  18. S.H Kim, Y.S Park, T.I Kim, C.M Kim, J.S. Oh, Performance Evaluation of Apron and Thyroid Protector, Journal of The Korean Society of Cardio-Vascular interventional Technology, 15(1), 110-115, 2012
  19. M.H Park, D.M Kwon, Measurement of Apron Shielding Rate for X-ray and Gamma-ray, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 30(3), 245-250, 2007
  20. S.W Lee, S.H Kim, B.G Ji et al, A Consideration of Apron's Shielding in Nuclear Medicine Working Environment, J Nucl Med Technol, 18(1), 110-114, 2014