Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Validity and Reliability of Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) for Nursing Students

간호대학생의 의사소통 태도 측정도구 타당도 및 신뢰도 검증

  • Received : 2016.11.29
  • Accepted : 2017.03.10
  • Published : 2017.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Communication Skills Attitude Scale, which is used to examine communication learning attitudes for domestic nursing students. Study subjects were 401 nursing students at two nursing college who completed the CSAS scale consisting of 26 items from June 1 to 15. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency with IBM Statistics SPSS 21.0, and the IBM Statistics AMOS 21.0 program. To verify the construction factor of the scale, exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, resulting in four factors but confirmed positive and negative attitudes two factors with 19 items considering the construct of theory and interpretability. The internal structure of the scale was schematized using confirmatory factor analysis, and goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate as shown by ${\chi}^2=446.475$ (df=148, p<0.001), TLI=.90, CFI=.91, RMSEA=.07, SRMR=.05. The final scale consisted of 19 items and two factors based on the confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for final scale was .90, showing internal consistency. The CSAS is expected to be useful to monitor the effectiveness of multiple teaching strategies about communication for domestic nursing students.

본 연구는 국내 간호대학생을 대상으로 Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS)의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해 시행되었다. 2016년 6월 1일부터 15일 사이에 일 지역 2개 간호대학의 1학년부터 4학년에 재학 중인 간호대학생 401명을 대상으로 26개 문항으로 이루어진 CSAS 설문지를 작성하도록 하였다. 자료분석은 IBM Statistics SPSS 21.0, IBM Statistics AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 활용하여 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석, 내적 일관성을 분석하였다. 도구의 구성요인을 파악하기 위해 베리멕스 회전을 이용한 탐색적 요인분석을 시행하였으며 그 결과 4개 요인이 추출되었지만 이론의 구조 및 해석가능성을 고려하여 긍정태도, 부정태도 2개 요인으로 범주화한 19문항을 확정하였다. 도구의 내적 구조를 도식화하기 위해 확인적 요인분석을 시행하였으며 최종 모델의 적합도는 ${\chi}^2=446.475$(df=148, p<0.001), TLI=.90, CFI=.91, RMSEA=.07, SRMR=.05로 매우 적합하였다. 확인적 요인분석 결과를 토대로 19개 문항 2개 요인으로 이루어진 최종 도구를 확정하였다. 최종 도구의 $Cronbach^{\prime}{\alpha}=.90$으로 나타나 내적일관성을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 검증된 의사소통 태도 측정도구는 간호대학생의 의사소통에 대한 다양한 교수전략의 효과를 모니터링 하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

References

  1. A. D. Boykins, "Core communication competencies in patient-centered care", The ABNF Journal, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 40-45, 2012.
  2. Korean Accreditation Board of Nursing. Accreditation of nursing education: Nurse's Core Competencies, 2012. Available from: http://www.kabon.or.kr/HyAdmin/upload /goodFile/ 120121127132143.pdf (Accessed Oct. 2015)
  3. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2008). The essentials of baccalaureate education for professio nal nursing practice. Washington, DC.[cited 2015 Sem tember 16]. Available from: http://www.aacn.nche.edu/education-resources/ BaccEssentials08.pdf.
  4. A. K. Lee, J. Y. Yeo, S. Jung, S. S. Byun, "Relations on communication competence, job-stress and job-satisf action of clinical nurse", The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 299-308, 2013. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2013.13.12.299
  5. H. Son, H. S. Kim, M. Koh, S. J. Yu, "Analysis of the communication education in the undergraduate nursing curriculum of Korea", The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 424-432, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/JKASN E.2011.17.3.424
  6. H. S. Kim, "Outcome-based curriculum development and student evaluation in nursing education", Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 917- 927, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.7. 917
  7. M. R. Song, "An analysis of the nursing research on communication in Korea", Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 474-484, 2006.
  8. M. Yu, S. H. Park, K. Park, "A review literature on communication in nurses", The Official Journal of Korean Academy on Communication in Healthcare, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 99-108, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 15715/kjhcom.2014.9.2.99 https://doi.org/10.15715/kjhcom.2014.9.2.99
  9. J. W. Park, M .Choi, "A study on self consciousness, communication competence, and interpersonal relation dispositions of nursing students", Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 351-360, 2009.
  10. E. J. Ji, M. R. Bang, H. J. Jeon, "Ego resilience, communication ability and problem-solving ability in nursing students", The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 571- 579, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2013.19.4.571
  11. M. O. Kim, "Study on self-efficacy, communication competency, Critical thinking disposition and clinical performance ability of nursing students", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 609-617, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.6.609
  12. Y. J. Choi, G. W. Lee, C. H. Jung, A. R. Lee, "The effects of self-disclosure and rational-emotive training on communication ability, stress coping behavior, and self-efficacy of nursing students", Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 186-196, 2009.
  13. S. J. Lim, E. Y. Park, "Changes in communication and relationship pattern for undergraduate nursing students after 'Satir Communication Education", The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 151-162, 2013. DOI: http:// dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2013.19.2.151
  14. D. Webster, "Using standardized patients to teach therapeutic communication in psychiatric nursing", Clinical Simulation in Nursing, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. e81- e86, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2013.08.005
  15. K. Kameg, V. M. Howard, J. Clochesy, A. M. Mitchel, J. M. Suresky, "The impact of high fidelity human simulation on self-efficacy of communication skills". Issues in mental health nursing, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 315-323, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/01612840903420331
  16. Kurtz S. M., Silverman J, Draper J. Teaching and learning communication skills in medicine. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press; 1998.
  17. Fazio R. H. Multiple processes by which attitudes guide behavior: The MODE model as an integrative framework. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (vol. 23, pp. 75-109), 1995. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Available From http://www2.psych.ubc.ca/-schaller/Psyc590Readings/Faz io1990.pdf (accessed Oct. 2015)
  18. I. Ajzen, "The influence of attitudes on behavior attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research", Psychological Bulletin, vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 888-918, 1977. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.84.5.888
  19. H. J. Hwang, S. L. Yu, "Effects of interpersonal relation skill program Interpersonal relation skills and self-esteem", Research Works of the Graduate School, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 75-93.
  20. Y. J. Oh, The development and effectiveness of the communication empowerment program for nursing students: Based on the theory of transfer of learning, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Korea University, Seoul, 2008.
  21. M. von Fragstein, J. Silverman, A. Cushing, S. Quilligan, H. Salisbury, C. Wiskin, "UK consensus statement on the content of communication curricula in undergraduate medical education", Medical Education, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 1100-1107, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03137.x
  22. C. S. Kim, J. J. Hong, "Nursing students' learning experience in communications course", Health Service Management Review, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 19-29, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18014/hsmr.2014.8.4.19
  23. S. Kim, N. Han, J. H. Park, M. Kim, H. L. Kim, "Application and evaluation of small group and music activity in a communication course". Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 307-317, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2010.19.3.307
  24. C. Rees, C. Sheard, S. Davies, "The development of a scale to measure medical students' attitudes towards communication skills learning: the Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS)", Medical Education, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 141-147, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01072.x
  25. B. Laurence, E. M. Bertera, T. Feimster, R. Hollander, C. Stroman, "Adaptation of the Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) to Dental Students", Journal of Dental Education, vol. 72, no. 12, 2012.
  26. B. T. Power, S. C. Lennie, "Pre-registration dietetic students' attitudes to learning communication skills", Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 189-197, 2012. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01226.x
  27. B. Molinuevo, R. Torrubia, "Validation of the Catalan version of the communication skills attitude scale (CSAS) in a cohort of south European medical and nursing students", Education for Health, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 499, 2011.
  28. R. Steckler, Improving communication skills among nursing students: assessing the comfort curriculum as an intervention. Theses and Dissertations- Communicati on, 2012. [cited 2015 September 19]. Available from: http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/7
  29. S. I. Ahn, Y. H. Yi, D. S. Ahn, "Developing a Korean communication skills attitude scale: comparing attitudes between Korea and the West", Medical Education, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 246-253, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03271.x
  30. Munro B. H. "Statistical methods for health care & Wilkins, 2001.
  31. D. L. Jackson, "Revisiting sample size and number of parameter estimates: Some support for the N:q hypothesis", Structural Equation Modeling, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 128-141, 2003. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007 SEM1001_6
  32. Y. H. Jung, "Theory: The development and statistics of measurement tool", Journal of Nursing Query, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 88-103, 2005.
  33. R. J. Vallerand, "Vers une methodologie de valida tion trans-culturelle de questionnaires psychologiques: Implications pour la recherche en langue francaise. /Toward a methodology for the transcultural validatio n of psychological questionnaires: Implications for research in the French language", Canadian Psychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 662-680, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079856
  34. S. S. Han, S. C. Lee, J. C. Ku, "Health and medical Statistical analysis", Fornurse publication, 2008.
  35. J. W. Van Prooijen, W. A. Van der Kloot, "Confirmatory analysis of exploratively obtained factor structures", Educational and Psychological Measurement, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 777-792, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00131640121971518
  36. Kim G. S. "Amos 18.0 Analysis of Structural Equation Modelling", Hanare Academy, 2010.
  37. A-K. Bush, K. Rockenbauch, G. Schmutzer, E. Brahler, "Do medical students like communication? Validation of the German CSAS", GMS Journal for Medical Education, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 1-21, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3205/zma000953
  38. J. Cleland, K. Foster, M. Moffat, "Undergraduate students' attitudes to communication skills learning differ depending on year of study and gender", Medical Teacher, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 246-251, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590400029541
  39. H. Harlak, C. Dereboy, A. Gemalmaz, "Validation of a Turkish translations of the Communication Skills Attitude Scale with Turkish medical students", Education for Health, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 55, 2008.