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Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components of Edible Insects Registered as Novel Foods

새로운 식품원료로 등록된 식용곤충의 영양성분 비교 분석

  • Baek, Minhee (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hwang, Jae-Sam (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mi Ae (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Soo-Hee (Department of Culinary Arts, Kyungmin College) ;
  • Goo, Tae-Won (Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Yun, Eun-Young (Graduate School of Integrated Bioindustry, Sejong University)
  • 백민희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 황재삼 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 김미애 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 김수희 (경민대학교 호텔외식조리과) ;
  • 구태원 (동국대학교 의과대학 생화학교실) ;
  • 윤은영 (세종대학교 대학원 바이오산업융합학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.30
  • Accepted : 2017.03.03
  • Published : 2017.03.30

Abstract

In this study, the nutritional components of Tenebrio molitor, Protaetia brevitarsis, and Allomyrina dichotoma larvae, which have been registered as novel foods, were analyzed and compared to expand the diversity of selection criteria for edible insects. The contents of crude components, amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals were analyzed. According to the results of comparative analysis of edible insects, crude proteins were abundant in all three kinds of insects. The content of crude fat was the highest in T. molitor, and the content of carbohydrate was the highest in A. dichotoma. When comparing the composition of amino acids, total amino acid content and essential amino acids were the highest in T. molitor larvae. In T. molitor and P. brevitarsis larvae, the compositions of fatty acids were similar, with higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids than in A. dichotoma. In terms of mineral content, A. dichotoma contained the highest amounts of calcium and iron, whereas P. brevitarsis contained the highest amounts of phosphorus and potassium. With these results, it is expected that edible insects could be selected according to nutritional demand. In addition, multiple combinations of edible insects will offer a richer intake of nutrients.

본 연구에서는 갈색거저리, 흰점박이꽃무지 및 장수풍뎅이 유충의 영양성분을 비교분석하였고, 이를 통해 식용곤충 이용 시 곤충 선택 기준확립에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 3종 식용곤충의 영양성분 비교결과, 조단백질, 조지방, 탄수화물은 각각 흰점박이꽃무지, 갈색거저리 및 장수풍뎅이 유충에서 가장 높았다. 아미노산 함량 비교 분석 결과, 총 아미노산 함량과 필수 아미노산의 함량은 갈색거저리 유충에서 가장 높았다. 지방산의 조성은 갈색거저리와 흰점박이꽃무지 유충이 유사하였으며, 이들은 장수풍뎅이 유충에 비해 불포화 지방산 함량이 높았다. 또한, 무기질 함량의 비교 분석 결과, 칼슘과 철은 장수풍뎅이 유충에서 가장 높은 반면 인과 칼륨은 흰점박이꽃무지 유충에 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 위와 같은 결과를 통해 각각의 곤충이 함유하는 영양성분에 따라 노인, 어린이 및 임산부 등 다양한 영양 요구를 가지는 대상에 따라 필요한 곤충을 선택하여 섭취가 가능할 것이며 식용곤충을 다양하게 조합하는 경우 보다 풍부한 영양분을 섭취할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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