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A taxonomic study of the genus Hosta in Korea

한국산 비비추속(Hosta Tratt.) 식물의 분류학적 연구

  • Jo, Hyun (Department of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Muyeol (Department of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University)
  • 조현 (전북대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) ;
  • 김무열 (전북대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과)
  • Received : 2016.11.02
  • Accepted : 2017.02.28
  • Published : 2017.03.31

Abstract

A taxonomic study of the genus Hosta (Lilliaceae) in Korea was conducted based on morphological characteristics. Hosta clausa varieties share several characteristics (rhizomes with underground stolons, smooth scapes, and purple anthers). Hosta clausa var. normalis has an open perianth, long pistils, and fertile fruit. H. clausa var. clausa can be distinguished from H. clausa var. normalis by its closed perianth and sterile fruit. H. clausa var. geumgangensis has sterile fruit, green petioles, short pistils, and short narrow perianth tubes. H. clausa var. ensata has very narrow, sword-shaped leaves. It can be included in H. clausa var. normalis, which has a large degree of variation in leaf and petiole shape. H. jonesii has smooth scapes, yellow anthers, and bell-shaped flowers. It can be distinguished from the related species H. tsushimensis found on the Tushima islands in Japan by its wide perianth tube. H. yingeri is distinguished by its funnel-shaped flowers, 3 long and 3 short stamens, and smooth scape; the related species H. laevigata has 6 equally-sized stamens, narrowly lanceolate leaves, and wavy leaf margins. Because H. laevigata is not found in its type locality Isl. Heugsando, its taxonomic position must be determined at a later time. H. minor shares several characteristics (scapes with ridges and yellow-colored anthers) with the related taxa H. venusta. However, H. venusta is changed to H. minor var. venusta because it has overlapping characteristics in plant size, number of flowers, leaf size, and leaf shape. Consequently, the genus Hosta in Korea is classified into 5 species, 3 varieties, and 6 forms.

한국산 비비추속(Hosta)에 대해 외부형태형질을 기초로 분류학적 연구를 수행하여 종의 한계를 재검토하였다. Hosta clausa의 변종들은 근경에 기는 줄기가 있고, 화경이 매끈하며, 약이 자색이라는 점에서 특징을 공유하나, 비비추(H. clausa var. normalis)는 개방화이고 암술이 수술보다 훨씬 길며 종자를 결실하는 반면에 참비비추(H. clausa var. clausa)는 폐쇄화이고 종자를 맺지 못하며, 금강비비추(H. clausa var. geumgangensis)는 개방화이나 종자를 결실하지 못하고, 엽병이 녹색이며, 암술이 수술 길이와 비슷하고, 화피협통부는 길이가 짧아 구별되었다. 또한 이삭비비추(H. clausa var. ensata)는 좁고 엽병으로 흘러내리는 잎 형태의 특징이 비비추의 연속변이에 포함되어 이명처리하였다. 다도해비비추(H. jonesii)는 화경이 매끈하며, 약이 노란색이고, 광통부가 부풀어 오른 종형으로 대마도비비추(H. tsushimensis)와는 광통부의 형태로 구별되었다. 흑산도비비추(H. yingeri)는 꽃이 깔때기형이고, 수술 3개는 길고 3개는 짧고, 화경이 매끈하며, 신안비비추(H. laevigata)는 수술의 길이가 모두 같고 좁은 피침형의 잎, 엽연이 파형을 띠어 신종으로 기재되었으나 흑산도 주변섬에서 동일 특징을 보이는 개체가 발견되지 않아 분류학적 처리를 유보하였다. 한라비비추(H. minor var. venusta)는 화경에 종주선이 있고 약이 노란색이라는 점에서 좀비비추(H. minor)와 유사하지만 식물체의 크기, 꽃의 수, 잎의 크기와 형태 등 주요형질에서 중첩되어 좀비비추의 변종으로 처리하였다. 따라서 한국산 비비추속은 5종 3변종 6품종으로 정리되었다.

Keywords

References

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