Comparison of Clinical Features of 11 Korean Patients with Mucolipidosis II and III Including a Case of Mucolipidosis II with a Novel Mutation of GNPTAB

새로운 GNPTAB 유전자 돌연변이로 진단된 뮤코지방증 2형 1례를 포함한 국내 뮤코지방증 환자의 임상적 특징에 대한 분석

  • Kim, Jinsup (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Misun (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Aram (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Eun Hye (Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Hyung-Doo (Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sohn, Young Bae (Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Sung Yoon (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jin, Dong-Kyu (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 김진섭 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 양미선 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 양아람 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 조은혜 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 진단검사의학과) ;
  • 박형두 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 진단검사의학과) ;
  • 손영배 (아주대학교병원 의학유전학과) ;
  • 조성윤 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 진동규 (성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과)
  • Published : 2017.12.30

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and biochemical features as well as the molecular analysis of a newly diagnosed illustrative case with ML II and to analyze the clinical features of 11 Korean patients with ML II/III. Method: Including a newly diagnosed patient, total 11 patients in 10 families were diagnosed as ML II (n=7) or ML III (n=4) were enrolled in the study. A diagnosis of ML II or III was made by demonstrating increased lysosomal enzyme activities in the plasma and sequence analysis of GNPTAB with characteristic clinical features. Result: A illustrative case of ML II patient was a 17 month-old boy showing characteristic facial appearance, multiple joint contractures with cardiac involvements. The enzyme assay showed increased lysosomal enzyme activities in the plasma. We identified compound heterozygous mutations in GNPTAB sequence analysis, including a frameshift (c.3428dupA [pAsn1143Lysfs*3]) and a nonsense variant c.673C>T (p.Gln225*). In total 11 patients with ML II/III, the patients with ML II showed severe growth retardation (height standard deviation score -3.2 [${\pm}1.5$]), compare to patients with ML III. Furthermore, patients with ML II patients had serious cardiac problem (n=4), hepatomegaly (n=3) and underwent tracheostomy (n=3) with further respiratory support due to respiratory distress. To improve osteoporosis and bone pain, all patients with ML III and four of 7 patients with ML II treated with intravenous pamidronate. Conclusion: Here we showed a newly diagnosed case of ML II and clinical features of 11 Korean patients with ML II or III. These data could be helpful for further diagnosis of mucolipidosis, a rare inherited metabolic disease, in Korea.

뮤코지방증 2형과 3형은 GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase 효소의 기능 이상으로 인해 발생하는 상염색체 열성 유전질환이다. GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase 효소의 기능 이상은 리소좀 효소의 세포 내 이동에 관여하는mannose-6-phosphate와 리소좀 효소간의 결합을 저해하여 리소좀 효소들이 세포 안으로 들어오지 못하게 된다. 리소좀 효소의 부족으로 인해 리소좀 기능 이상 및 뮤코지질의 축적으로 인해 다양한 임상을 보이게 된다. 본 연구는 새롭게 진단된 뮤코지방증 환자의 임상 및 생화학, 분자유전학적 양상을 기술하고 본원에서 치료받은 11명의 뮤코지방증 2, 3형 환자들의 임상 양상을 비교하여 분석하였다. 본 저자들은 17개월에 특징적 얼굴 모양 및 관절 구축을 주소로 내원한 환자에서 효소 검사를 통해 리조솜 효소의 혈장 내 증가를 확인하였으며 GNPTAB 유전자의 직접염기 서열분석을 통해 복합이형접합자 돌연변이 (c.3428 dupA [pAsn1143Lysfs*3], c.673C>T [p.Gln225*])를 발견하였다. 새로 진단된 환자를 포함하여 총 11명의 환자(뮤코지방증 2형: 7명, 3형: 4명)들을 대상으로 임상 양상을 분석하였고 진단 시 나이는 뮤코지방증 2형은 2세 1개월, 3형은 6세 9개월이었으며 진단 시 신장 표준편차지수는 각각 -3.2 (${\pm}1.5$), -1.3 (${\pm}1.1$)였다. 심초음파 결과에서 뮤코지방증 3형 환자들은 심장 판막의 이상만을 보였으나 2형 환자들에서는 비후성 심근증(n=3), 좌심비대(n=1)이 동반되었다. 간비비대(n=4)는 뮤코지방증 2형 환자에서만 확인되었다. 뮤코지방증 2형의 경우, 3명의 환자가 호흡 곤란으로 기관 절개 및 호흡기 보조를 받았으며 2 명의 환자가 호흡기 문제로 사망하였다. Pamidronate 치료는 4명의 뮤코지방증 3형 환자와 4명의 2형 환자에서 시행하고 있으며 유효성 및 안정성에 대한 추가적인 평가가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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