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Temperature and length of cold storage affect the Quality Maintenance of fresh kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch)

저온저장 온도 및 저장기간이 키위 "골드"의 품질 유지에 미치는 효과

  • Yang, Yong-Joon (Department of Plant and Food Science, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Seon (Postharvest Research division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 양용준 (상명대학교 식물식품공학과) ;
  • 임병선 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 저장유통과)
  • Received : 2016.11.07
  • Accepted : 2017.01.06
  • Published : 2017.01.31

Abstract

The effects of temperature and length of cold storage on the quality maintenance of fresh "Gold" kiwifruit were investigated. Physio-chemical properties were analyzed in kiwifruit held at $2^{\circ}C$ and $6^{\circ}C$ temperatures compared to fruit at room temperature ($20{\sim}28^{\circ}C$) during 8 weeks of storage. Low temperatures ($2^{\circ}C$ and $6^{\circ}C$) significantly delayed softening and soluble solids content (SSC) accumulation compared to higher temperature ($20{\sim}28^{\circ}C$). Physico-chemical properties of fruits, including weight losses, firmness, SSC, titratable acidity (TA), SSC/TA ratio, and flesh color properties were monitored during storage. Fast firmness loss was detected in fruit stored at higher temperatures compared to low temperature ($2^{\circ}C$). Similar results were observed for acidity according to storage temperature and length of cold storage, whereas SSC increased to the limited values (%Brix) during storage. The soluble solids content (SSC) increased markedly during the first 60 days of storage and remained almost constant thereafter for all treatments. SSC accumulation rates decreased from 5 weeks after storage probably due to differences between initial and ripe kiwifruits, and SSC decreased with each passing week due to natural starch conversion over time. The SSC/acid ratio increased from 18 to 27 until 5 weeks after storage and then slowly declined in all kiwifruit stored at different low temperatures. Sensory evaluation results showed no differences in kiwifruit flesh color stored at two storage temperatures of $2^{\circ}C$ and $6^{\circ}C$.

본 연구는 키위 과일의 수출 시 최적 수송온도를 구명하기 위하여 같은 수송조건을 설정한 시물레이션실험을 수행하였다. 수송온도로 $2^{\circ}C$$6^{\circ}C$ 조건을 설정하고 이와 비교한 실험군으로 변온조건으로 상온($20{\sim}28^{\circ}C$)을 두어 과실의 여러 물리화학적 변화를 조사하였다. 과실의 경도는 $2^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높게 유지되었고 이와 유기산 함량의 유지에서도 같은 결과였다. 가용성 당함량은 저온 저장 5주까지 완만히 증가하다가 그 이후 감소하기 시작하였는데 저온 처리간 차이는 크지 않았다. 이에 비하여 상온에서의 가용성 당함량은 저장 3주후에 과실이 부패하여 측정이 불가능하였다. 키위 과실의 당산비는 저온저장 5주 까지 18에서 27까지 크게 증가하여 과실의 품질이 크게 향상되다가 그 이후 감소하기 시작하였다. 이 결과로 키위는 전형적인 수확 후 호흡급등형 과실의 패턴을 보였고 저온처리 간에는 차이가 크지 않았다. 관능검사를 통하여 저장중인 키위 과육의 색을 조사한 결과, 저온처리($2^{\circ}C$$6^{\circ}C$)에서 차이가 크지 않았다.

Keywords

References

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