Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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The Effects of Neurofeedback on the attention in College Students with ADHD

성인 ADHD 성향 대학생 집단을 대상으로 한 뉴로피드백 훈련의 효과

  • Received : 2016.11.28
  • Accepted : 2017.01.06
  • Published : 2017.01.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of neurofeedback (NFB) on attention in college students with ADHD. Participants were 27 university students, 10 in an NFB training group (experiment group), eight in a CBT group (comparison group) and nine in a no-treatment group. The score of CAARS-K decreased significantly in both the NFB group and the CBT group relative to the no-treatment group. Additionally, the score of the digit span test increased significantly in the NFB group, CBT, and no-treatment group, and the scores of these three groups differed significantly. Moreover, significant changes in EEG were found in the NFB Group, while the CBT group showed no significant changes in EEG. The significant change in EEG implies that NFB training improved the stability of brain function on the cerebral neurological level. The effects of improved attention remained after 5 weeks in both the NFB and CBT group. Finally, implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies were discussed.

이 연구의 목적은 성인 ADHD 성향 집단을 대상으로 뉴로피드백 훈련과 인지행동치료의 치료적 효과를 비교 및 확인하는 것에 있다. 부산지역 내 대학생 중 면담 및 자기보고식 질문지를 통해 대상자를 선별하였고, 최종 참가자는 뉴로피드백 참여 집단 10명(실험집단), 인지행동치료 참여 집단 8명(비교집단), 무처치 집단 9명으로 총 27명으로, 각각 4주, 5주간의 처치를 실시한 뒤 반복측정 다분량 분석을 통해 집단 내 사전-사후 효과, 집단 간 상호작용 효과 등을 확인하였다. 첫째, 성인 ADHD 평정척도의 사전-사후 차이검증 결과 뉴로피드백 집단과 인지행동치료 집단 모두 유의한 변화를 보였고, 뉴로피드백 집단의 경우 주의 기간의 향상, 인지행동치료 집단의 경우 조직화 및 계획화 기술 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 주의력 검사 중 숫자외우기 검사에서 세 집단의 시간X집단 상호작용이 유의한 것으로 나타난 바, 주의력 향상에 있어서 뉴로피드백 및 인지행동치료가 무처치 통제 집단과 구분되는 효과를 나타냈다. 셋째, 처치 집단들의 좌우 전두엽 뇌파변화를 살펴본 결과, 뉴로피드백 집단 참가자들의 베타파가 유의하게 증가하고 세타:베타파 비율이 유의하게 감소하는 등 뉴로피드백 훈련이 뇌파에 직접적인 영향을 미친 것을 확인하였고, 뇌기능 안정화 및 주의력 기능 향상의 치료목적을 달성하였다. 넷째, 5주 후의 추수연구 결과 ADHD 증상 척도 점수 완화 및 숫자외우기 주의력 수행검사 점수의 상승효과가 계속 유지됨을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 뉴로피드백 훈련이 뇌파에 직접적인 영향을 미침으로써 주의기간 폭의 확장 및 뇌기능의 안정화를 도모하여 ADHD 관련 증상 완화에 긍정적인 작용을 함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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