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Naturally Collection and Development until Yolk Absorption of Domestic Walleye Pollock Theragra chalcogramma Fertilized Eggs and Larvae

국내 명태 Theragra chalcogramma 자연채란과 난황흡수까지의 난 발생

  • 서주영 (강원도 해양심층수수산자원센터) ;
  • 권오남 (강원양식생물연구소(주))
  • Received : 2016.09.05
  • Accepted : 2017.01.06
  • Published : 2017.01.31

Abstract

We collected and reared Theragra chalcogramma walleye pollock brood-stock for use in natural spawning tests and undertook to obtain domestic pollock via fertilized egg capture, development of fertilized eggs, and absorption of yolk sac after hatching. Whole pollock were caught with trammel and set nets and immediately placed in a deep-sea water tank. Adults were the most common pollock age group (43.0%; n = 86) among the 254 pollock captured in March 2014 with 57.9% (n = 147) being captured off Southern Gosung, Korea. The main spawning period of pollock is February (spawning phase of 91% of pollock). From the deep-sea tank, we collected 1640 mL of naturally fertilized eggs (~820,000 eggs) from 12 spawning events occurring between February 4 and 22 2015. The floating/ live eggs were maintained in deep-sea water tanks at $5.5{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$. Egg size was $1.5{\pm}0.03mm$. Six hours after fertilization the eggs were at the 2 cell stage, and the eggs hatched approximately 340 hours after collection. At hatching, larval length and yolk sac area were $5.2{\pm}0.25mm$ and $9.5{\pm}1.00mm^2$ (100%), respectively. Four days after hatching, the yolk sac area was $2.2{\pm}0.53mm^2$ ($23.1{\pm}5.55%$). This is the first report of collection of naturally fertilized eggs from pollock and their subsequent hatching while held in an indoor deep-sea water tank. The results suggest that such collection could assist in the recovery of pollock resources and the possibility of domestic rearing of cultivated larvae.

우리는 자연에서 포획된 명태 어미를 이용하여 자연채란 시험을 하였으며, 이 과정에서 국내 명태 포획과 수정란의 발생 및 부화 후 난황흡수에 대한 정보를 얻는 것이 목적이다. 모든 명태는 삼중자망과 정치망에서 잡혀 당일 해양심층수 수조에 수용하였다. 이 어미 명태는 총 254마리에서 43.0% (86마리)가 2014년 3월에, 57.9%(147 마리)가 고성 남부지역에서 포획되었다. 그리고 주 산란기는 2월이었지만 (91.0% 개체들이 산란기), 6월까지 지속되었다. 포획 후 2015년 2월 4일에서 22일 사이에 12번의 자연채란으로부터 1,640 mL (~820,000개)의 수정란을 확보하였다. 자연채란된 수정란에서 14%(~115,000개)는 발달하지 않고 폐사하였다. 이 살아있던 부유란들은 $5.5{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$의 해양심층수에서 사육 관리하였다. 이들의 크기는 $1.5{\pm}0.03mm$였다. 자연채취 후 6시간이 경과한 수정란은 2세포기, 24시간 경과 후에는 포배기 단계로 발생하였다. 그리고 자연채란 후 340 시간 경과 시 전장 $5.6{\pm}0.21mm$로 부화하였다. 이들 부화한 자어 길이와 난황의 면적은 $5.2{\pm}0.25mm$$9.5{\pm}1.00mm^2$였다. 그리고 4일이 경과하였을 때 난황은 $2.2{\pm}0.53mm^2$ (부화 당시 대비 $23.1{\pm}5.55%$)로 조사되었다. 결과적으로 우리의 연구결과는 국내에서 첫 명태 자연채란 사례로 해양심층수 수조에서 이루어졌다는 것이 매우 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 이를 통한 인공종묘생산과 자원회복의 가능성을 확인하였다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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