DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

HSPF 모델을 이용한 낙동강유역의 유역단위별 비점오염부하량 산정

A Study of Nonpoint Source Pollutants Loads in Each Watershed of Nakdong River Basin with HSPF

  • 권광우 (신라대학교 에너지환경공학과) ;
  • 최경식 (신라대학교 에너지환경공학과)
  • Kwon, Kwangwoo (Department of Energy-Environmental Engineering, Silla University) ;
  • Choi, Kyoung-sik (Department of Energy-Environmental Engineering, Silla University)
  • 투고 : 2017.01.09
  • 심사 : 2017.02.01
  • 발행 : 2017.02.28

초록

낙동강 전 권역을 209개 유역으로 나누고 각 유역에서 배출되는 비점오염부하 기여율을 산정하기 위해 HSPF모델을 2012년 2013년을 기준으로 보정 및 검증을 실시하였다. 유량의 경우 보정한 결과 R2가 0.71~0.93, 검증은 0.71~0.79로 비교적 양호한 값으로 산정되었다. 수질의 경우는 % difference로 검 보정을 실시하였는데 보정의 경우 DO는 0.4~9.7 %, BOD는 0.5~30.2 % difference, TN은 낙본 C 및 황강 B를 제외 하고는 1.9~28.6 % difference로 나타났고 검증은 DO 0.2~13.7%, BOD는 1.3~23%, TN은 황강 B를 제외한 0.5~24.3%로 비교적 잘 모의 되었다. 그러나 TP는 농도가 다른 항목에 비해 미량이기 때문에 차이의 범위가 크게 나타났는데 보정의 경우 0.8~55.3 % difference이고 검증에서도 같은 결과를 얻었다. 209개 유역별 BOD 연간 누적부하량을 산정한 결과 RCH 123(경상남도 의령군), RCH 121(경상남도 진주시), RCH 92(대구광역시 달성군) 가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 영양염류에 대한 유역별 연간 누적부하량의 결과들은 BOD 연간 누적부하량 순위와 일치하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본류에 위치한 산림, 습지, 농지 등이 많은 유역들이 상대적으로 산림지역이나 습지가 많은 댐 상류지역의 유역들 보다 BOD 비점오염 부하량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 토지형질을 비롯한 유역 특성들을 나타나는 다른 인자들이 비점오염 부하량과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

In order to estimate the non-point pollution loads from each watersheds among 209 watersheds, the calibration and validation of HSPF model were carried out based on 2012 in 2013 years. In the case of flow rate, R2 of calibration and validation were 0.71~0.93 and 0.71~0.79, which were relatively good values. With the respect to calibration of water quality, % differences between measured and simulated values were 0.4 ~ 9.7 of DO, BOD 0.5 ~ 30.2% and TN 1.9~28.6% except for Hwhangkang B site. In case of validation, DO was 0.2 ~ 13.7%, BOD 1.3~23% and TN 0.5~24.3% excluding Hwhangkang B. However, since the concentration of TP was very small compared with other items, the range of difference was large as 0.8~55.3%. level. As the result of calculating annual accumulative BOD loads for each watershed, it was found that RCH 123 (Uryeong, Gyeongsangnamdo), RCH 121 (Jinju, Gyeongsangnamdo) and RCH 92 (Daegu) were the high ranked. The unit watersheds including various landuse type susch as forest and agricultural sites in mainstream areas have a higher BOD nonpoint pollution load than those in dam regions. However, the results of the annual cumulative loading of the basins for nutrients did not appear to be consistent with the BOD annual cumulative loading ranks. Other factors that represent watershed characteristics such as landslope and soiltypes, including landuse pattern, have been found to be closely related to nonpoint pollutant loads.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Donigian AS. 2000. HSPF Training Workshop Handbook and CD. Lecture #19. Calibration and Verification Issues. Slide #L19-22.
  2. EPA Headquarters, Washington Information Center. 10-14 January 2000. Presented and preparedf or U.S.EPA. Officeof Water. Office of Science and Technology, Washington, D.C.
  3. Hwagn BH, Kim DI, Yoon YS, Han KY. 2010. Non-point Source Quantification Analysis Using SWAT in Nakdong River Watershed. Korea Water Resources Association. 43(4): 367-381. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.4.367
  4. Joo JH, Jung YS, Yang JE, Ok YS, Oh SG, Yoo KY, Yang SC. 2007. Assessment of Pollutant Loads from Alpine Agricultural Practices in Nakdong River Basin. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 26(3): 233-234. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2007.26.3.233
  5. Kang TU, Lee SJ. 2016. A Simulation Method for Reduction Facilities of Natural Type for Non-Point Pollution by SWMM. Journal of Korean Soc. Hazard Mitig. 16(2): 123-131. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2016.16.2.123
  6. Kwon HG. 2011. Quantitative Assessment of Nonpoint Souirce Load by Applying Watershed Model and Level-2 and Land Cover Map. Ph. D deissertation University of Yyungpook National.
  7. Lee JW, Kwon HG, Yi YJ, Cheon SU. 2013. The Calculation of NPS Load per Unit Area in Orchard to the Nakdong River Basin. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment. 22(6): 6557-568. [Korean Literature]
  8. Lee JW, Kwon HG, Yi YJ, Yoon JS, Han KY, Cheon SU. 2012. Quantitative Estimation of Nonpoint Source Load by BASINS/HSPF. Journal of the Environmental Sciences. 21(8): 965-975. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2012.21.8.965
  9. Ministry of Environment. 2004. Evaluation of the Facilities Designed to Reduce Non Point Source Pollution.
  10. Ministry of Environment. 2009. Application of LID technologies to natural nonpoint source control.
  11. Ministry of Environment. 2010. A study of watershed model management for TMDL.
  12. Yu JJ, Lee CG, Kim MS, Yun YS, Kwon HG, Song JK, Lee SY, Shin CK. 2006. Statiatical Analysis of Longterm Water Quality Trend in Nakdong River Basin(1989-2005). Nakdong River Environment Research Centers. pp5-6. [Korean Literature]

피인용 문헌

  1. HSPF 모형을 이용한 산청 유역의 소유역별 축산비점오염부하량 비중 분석 vol.62, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5389/ksae.2020.62.1.039
  2. A study on water quality change by land use change using HSPF vol.25, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2019.105
  3. 유역 모델 특성 및 국내 적용 현황과 발전 방향에 대한 검토 vol.36, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.15681/kswe.2020.36.6.592